【作者】 戴若林；

【导师】 何继善；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 改革开放以来,建筑市场秩序混乱和信用缺失的危害性日益显现,不仅加大了企业的经营成本与风险,败坏了社会风气,更使全社会资源使用效率下降,成为制约生产力发展的“瓶颈”。虽然中央和地方各级政府部门出台了一系列的制度和办法,但往往只能从解决问题的某个方面着手,收效于一时,无法从根本上解决问题。因此,需要以系统的、动态的和演进的观点,构建动态的“机制完善”观,着力于建筑市场在特定演进阶段的信用机制设计问题,以推动信用制度和信用系统的建设和完善。针对目前我国建筑市场信用秩序混乱、信用机制缺失的问题,本文运用复杂系统理论、机制设计理论和演化博弈论,分析了建筑市场信用机制的产生机理、内涵和复杂特性,深入探讨了信用机制的功能和作用机理;结合我国国情和建筑市场信用现状,分析了信用机制的非逻辑演进性、非机制均衡性和信用价值观缺失等演化特征,揭示了我国建筑市场信用机制的演进路径和发展规律;运用系统动力学和计算机仿真方法,对建筑市场信用机制进行了模拟仿真,并对建筑市场信用机制设计提出了相关的政策建议。本文的主要成果有:借鉴西方国家的信用管理经验,结合我国建筑市场的实际情况,提出了“上下分离”的信息共享机制和“市场联防”的激励约束机制模式;构建了建筑市场信用主体的演化博弈模型,给出了演化稳定策略(ESS)的收敛条件和影响因素,提出了建筑市场信用链的演进路径;基于系统动力学理论和我国建筑市场信用现状,构建了建筑市场信用机制的系统动力学模型,对我国建筑市场信用问题作中长期的模拟分析和预测,并进行了相应策略实验和分析;在上述分析的基础上,结合我国建筑市场的现状和特殊环境,明确了建筑市场信用机制的建设目标、设计依据和基本原则,提出了完善建筑市场信用机制、加快制度建设、推进建筑市场信用系统建设等方面的政策建议。本文的创新之处体现在:从系统复杂性和系统演化的视角研究信用机制问题,拓展了信用机制的研究思路;在深入探讨建筑市场信用机制的产生机理、内涵、作用机理和表现形式的基础上,提出了建筑市场信用机制的理论框架;运用演化博弈的研究方法,揭示建筑市场信用机制的演化规律;将“信用链”和“信用熵”的概念引入建筑市场信用机制研究,丰富了信用机制的量化指标和研究方法;定性方法与定量方法相结合,构建建筑市场信用机制的系统模型,模拟和仿真建筑市场信用机制的演化过程,并对建筑市场信用机制建设的相关政策进行“策略实验室”分析。随着政府监管力度和信用法律制度的不断完善,公共信用信息平台和信用信息服务机构开始建立和完善,联合征信数据平台、信用行为公示、信用评级、工程担保等在全国各地开始试行和推广,建筑市场信用机制将不断完善,促使我国建筑市场信用系统向信息灵敏、激励相容的方向发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the reform and opening in China, disorder and credit shortage in construction market become increasingly severe and harmful, which not only add production cost and risk in construction corporations, ruin social moral, but also decrease the efficiency of resource use in the whole society, and became bottle-neck to the productivity improvement. A series of credit institutions and measures have been put forward by Chinese central and local governments, but they are focused on one aspect of credit issues, cannot solve the problems fundamentally. So, it is urgent to form the "mechanism improvement" conception in view of system, dynamics and evolution, devote to credit mechanism design in special stage of construction market, and promote the building and improvement of credit institutions and credit system.To solve the problem of credit disorder and mechanism shortage in construction market, this dissertation puts complex system theory, mechanism design theory and evolution and game theory into use to analysis the form principle, connotation and complexity characteristic of credit mechanism in construction market and to discuss its effect principle, mode and function. This paper also analyzes evolutionary characteristic of credit mechanism, such as illogic evolution, unbalanced mechanism and axiology shortage, and reveal the evolutionary path and development rule on the precondition of the situation and credit status of Chinese construction market. This paper also analyzes and imitates the credit mechanism in construction market by using system dynamics theory, brings forward relevant policy suggestion on credit mechanism design.The main achievements include: puts forward the "up-and-down" mode of information sharing mechanism and "joint rejection in market" mode of incentive restriction mechanism by combining credit management experience in west countries and actual situations in our construction market; builds evolutionary game models with two bodies and multi-bodies to discuss their convergence conditions and influence factors and put forward the evolution path of credit machanism; based on System Dynamics and status of construction market, builds system dynamics model of credit mechanism in construction market, makes imitation analysis and long-term forecast on credit issues, and takes relevant policy test and analysis; puts forward goal, reference, basic principle of credit mechanism design in construction market and provides relevant policy suggestions on improving credit mechanism, accelerating institution construction and promoting credit system based on the status and special situation of our construction market.The innovation points include: extends the view of credit mechanism research by the application of system complexity theory and evolution theory; puts forward academic study frame of credit mechanism based on the analysis on the form principle, connotation, complexity characteristic, effect principle, mode and function of credit mechanism; reveals evolutionary rules of credit mechanism in the construction market by using evolution and game theory; brings the conception of "credit chain" and "credit entropy" into the credit mechanism research, enriching the quantitative indexes and methods on credit mechanism research; builds systemic model of credit mechanism, simulates and imitates its evolutionary processes, and examines relevant policies by means of "policy laboratory ".With the improvement of governmental inspection and management by and information opening laws, public information sharing platform and information serving organizations have been established and improved. In the same time, incentive and restriction measures such as united database of information reporting system, credit behavior revelation in public, credit evaluation, and engineering assurance have been tried out and spread throughout the country. Thus, credit mechanism has been improved continually and credit system in our construction market been promoted to be information sensitive and incentive compatible.更多还原