【作者】 林朝朋；

【导师】 谢如鹤；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 物流工程， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 我国是世界上最大的猪肉生产国和消费国,但猪肉产品安全问题却十分突出,频频爆发的猪肉安全事件说明我国猪肉供应链存在很大的安全风险,对消费者的经济利益和身心健康构成威胁。生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险主要源于供应链各环节的运作过程,本文在分析国内外相关研究现状的基础上,对生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险及控制问题进行了系统的研究。主要研究内容如下:(1)生鲜猪肉供应链现状分析及安全风险识别首先,分析了我国和世界猪肉行业发展现状以及我国生猪养殖、生猪运输、屠宰加工、冷库贮藏、猪肉配送、猪肉销售等供应链主要环节的安全风险现状;其次,在调研的基础上分析了消费者对生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险的认知行为;再次,对生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险进行识别,结果表明:我国生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险主要体现在各环节的管理风险、设备风险、技术风险和环境风险。(2)生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险评估运用区间值模糊综合评价法建立了生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险评估模型,并以实际调研数据为基础,评估我国当前生鲜猪肉供应链各环节的总体安全风险水平,分析了各种风险来源的影响程度。评估结果表明:生猪养殖、生猪运输和冷库贮藏环节的总体安全风险为中等,屠宰加工和猪肉配送环节的总体安全风险较高,而猪肉销售环节的总体安全风险则很高。(3)生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险控制机制首先,根据安全风险评估结果,提出各环节内部安全风险控制措施,指出应着重控制屠宰加工、猪肉配送和猪肉销售等环节的内部安全风险;其次,运用静态博弈论和动态进化博弈论分析了生鲜猪肉供应链各环节主体间的安全风险控制与协调机制;再次,在安全风险控制成本方面,借助线性规划和模糊机会约束规划模型,解决供应链模式下连锁超市基于安全成本的生鲜猪肉采购优化问题。(4)生鲜猪肉物流安全风险控制的快速检测技术阐明了计算机视觉检测技术和人工嗅觉检测技术的原理及其在生鲜猪肉物流快速检测中的应用;通过试验研究,开发了一种基于色差理论的猪肉物流品质快速定量检测技术;运用该技术测定了各种物流模式下生鲜猪肉的品质变化,评价其安全风险,结果表明:热鲜肉物流安全风险较高;冷却肉物流安全风险较低;真空包装冷却肉物流安全风险则更低;应采用低温物流模式,以降低生鲜猪肉物流安全风险。(5)基于信息协调的生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险控制模式运用随机Petri网理论,分析了我国目前生鲜猪肉供应链组织模式的安全信息传递问题,结果显示该模式下的安全信息传递存在较长时间的延迟。基于射频识别和条形码的信息协调技术,提出了基于信息协调的生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险控制模式。(6)生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险控制的支持体系生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险控制的支持体系包括三大体系:标准体系、法律法规体系和政府监管体系。在分析我国这三大体系存在问题的基础上,结合国际和发达国家或地区的相关体系,提出了完善我国生鲜猪肉供应链安全风险控制相关支持体系的措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 The production and the consumption of pork in China are on the top of the world, while the safety problems of pork are still very conspicuous. The pork safety events which always break out reflect the serious safety risks existed in pork supply chain and pose threat to the comsumers’ health and economic interests.The safety risks of fresh pork supply chain (FPSC) come from the operation processes of the supply chain. Based on the analysis of research status at home and abroad, the safety risks and controlling of FPSC have been studied systematically in this paper. The detailed studies are listed as follows:(1) The development of FPSC and the identification of safety risks.Firstly, the development of pork industry in China and the world, as wellas the safety status of links in supply chain such as pig-breeding, pig-transportation, slaughter-process, cold storage, pork distribution and pork selling have been analyzed. Secondly, based on investigation, the consumers’ cognitive behavior to the safety risks of FPSC is also analyzed. Thirdly, the safety risks from management risks, equipment risks, technic risks and environment risks in each link of FPSC are indentified.(2) The safety risks assessment of FPSC.The assessing model of safety risks of FPSC has been built with interval-valued fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, and general safety risks from each link of the supply chain in China are assessed based on investigation. Then the influence degree of each risk source is also analyzed. The assessing results show that the general safety risk is moderate in pig-breeding, pig-transportation and cold storage, but relatively higher in slaughter-process and pork distribution, and very high in pork selling.(3) The controlling mechanism for the safety risks of FPSC.The internal controlling measures of safety risks in each link are suggested based on assessing results, as well as the internal controll of slaughter-process, pork distribution and pork selling are emphasized. Then the controlling and coordinating mechanism for the safety risks between the supply chain subjects are analyzed in terms of the static game and dynamic evolution game theory. Moreover, in terms of the cortrolling cost, linear programming and fuzzy chance-constrained programming are used to optimize the purchasing costs of fresh pork in chain supermarkets based on safety costs under the mode of supply chain.(4) Fast detection technology in the controlling of safety risks of fresh pork logistics.The detection principle and application of computer vision and artifical olfaction on the controlling of safety risks of fresh pork logistics are elucidated. Then, a new kind of fast quantitative detection technology based on chromatic aberration to the logistics quality of pork are developed by experimental research. Moreover, this technology is used to detect the changes of pork quality in different logistics modes, as well as safety risks in these modes are evaluated. The results show that safety risks are higher in the logistics of warm fresh pork, while lower in the logistics of chilling pork, and more lower in the logistics of chilled pork with vacuum package. The logistics mode of low temperature is proposed to reduce the safety risks.(5) The controlling models of safety risks of FPSC based on information coordination.The problems of information transmission in current mode of supply chain are analyzed in terms of stochastic Petri net theory, and the result shows that there is a longer time delay in the transmission of safety information under this mode. Then some new kinds of controlling models of safety risks of FPSC based on information coordination are proposed in terms of the information coordinating technology of RFID and bar code.(6) The supporting systems for controlling of safety risks of FPSC.The supporting systems for controlling of safety risks of FPSC include standard system, law-regulation system and governmental supervision system. Based on the problems existed in these systems in China and the relavtive systems in developed countries and regions, measures to perfect the supporting systems for controlling of safety risks of FPSC in China areproposed.更多还原