【作者】 廖利；

【导师】 魏庆朝； 高亮；

【作者基本信息】 北京交通大学 ， 道路与铁道工程， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 直线电机轮轨交通系统是一种新型的轨道交通模式,代表了轨道交通一个重要的发展方向,具有广泛的应用前景。由于具有良好的爬坡能力、适应小半径曲线通过的能力,在日本、加拿大、美国、马来西亚、中国等国得到了较好的应用。尽管各国在直线电机选型、车辆-轨道空间耦合动力学等方面做了大量的工作,但在直线电机轮轨交通系统车辆-道岔空间耦合动力学方面尚未进行系统的研究。直线电机轮轨交通系统道岔与传统轮轨系统道岔在受力特性上存在较大的差异,因此研究道岔与直线电机系统的相互适应性具有重要的意义。本文以城市轨道交通常用的9号可动心轨道岔为例,基于直线电机轮轨交通系统的特点,建立了直线电机车辆-道岔空间耦合动力学分析模型。该模型包括直线电机车辆动力学模型、道岔系统空间动力学模型、道岔区动态轮轨接触关系模型、道岔区直线电机与感应板电磁作用模型等。在该系统模型中,综合考虑了车体、转向架、轮对、直线电机、钢轨以及感应板等结构的参振,其中道岔模型中考虑了转辙器、连接部分、辙叉等道岔结构的振动,尖轨和可动心轨的截面变化,间隔铁与顶铁处力的传递等;其中道岔区直线电机与感应板电磁作用模型中考虑了道岔区感应板结构不连续的影响。在采用广义能量变分原理和有限元理论的基础上,建立了直线电机轮轨交通系统车辆-道岔空间耦合动力学振动微分方程组。本文采用Newmark方法,采用Fortran语言自主开发了仿真计算程序LVTSDSS并对耦合系统的振动特性进行了研究。为了保证仿真计算的精度和稳定性,本文对积分步长等参数进行了数值试验,得到了合理的取值范围。通过与既有分析模型的对比,验证了本文所建立的直线电机车辆-道岔动力学模型的可行性,验证了参数的可靠性、程序的合理性。并且就直线电机轮轨交通系统相对于传统轮轨系统的动力学性能的特殊性、研究的必要性进行了分析。在此基础上,本文针对直线电机轮轨交通系统车辆-道岔空间耦合动力学模型,研究了直线电机车辆侧向、直向通过道岔系统时,车辆和道岔系统的振动特性;研究了直线电机轮轨交通系统主要车辆设计参数(如速度、轴重以及直线电机悬挂方式等)及主要的轨道设计参数(如轨下刚度的影响、道岔区感应板的布置等)的动力影响规律。利用该模型,针对车辆运行的平稳性、舒适性、安全性的要求,对直线电机与道岔系统的相互适应性,直线电机轮轨交通系统的合理、有效控制振动的措施进行深入研究,在此基础上,就直线电机轮轨交通系统道岔的设计、施工及养护维修提出合理的建议。本文的研究将为直线电机轮轨交通系统在中国的发展、直线电机轮轨交通系统道岔的设计以及气隙控制技术、振动控制技术具有重要的参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 The linear induction motor (LIM) wheel/rail traffic system is a new type of rail transit system, which stands for a comparatively new urban transit system. LIM wheel/rail traffic system, which has good capacity of gradeability and the adaptability to sharp curves, has already been applied in Japan, Canada, USA, Malaysia, China, and etc. Although a lot of research work has been carried out on the type selection of LIM and the spatial dynamic model of vehicle-track, the study on spatial coupling dynamic characteristics of vehicle-turnout in LIM wheel/rail traffic system is still inadequate.For the mechanical characteristics of turnout, there is great difference between the turnout of LIM wheel/rail traffic system and that of traditional wheel/rail system, so it is important to research on mutual adaptability of turnout and LIM system. In this thesis, taking Chinese No.9 Turnout (used in urban transit system) for example and based on the characteristics of LIM wheel/rail traffic system, the spatial coupling dynamic model of vehicle-turnout is established, including the dynamic model of vehicle, the dynamic model of turnout, the model of wheel-rail dynamic interaction and the model of the electromagnetic interaction between LIM and reaction plate (RP) on turnout. In this model, the vehicle, bogie, wheelset, LIM, rail and RP have been synthetically considered. In the model of turnout, the vibration of switch, connection section and frog of turnout is considered. The cross section variation of switch rail, movable point frog rail, the force transmission between jacking block and spacer block are also taken into account. In the model of interaction between LIM and RP on turnout, influence caused by discontinuity of RP is considered. According to the generalized energy-variation principle and the finite-element method, the differential equations of spatial coupling dynamic model of vehicle-turnout in LIM wheel/rail traffic system are established.In this thesis, coupling dynamic vibration characteristics of the LIM wheel/turnout traffic system is analyzed by computer simulation program of LVTSDSS , which is used by Newmark method and compiled by Fortran language.For the precision and stabilization of simulation program, the integral step length is confirmed and the appropriate span of parameters can be obtained by numerical test. Through the contrast between test results and existing analytic model, the stability of the results can be proved, and the rationality of the programs can be verified. Compared with traditional wheel/rail system, study is on the necessity of research and the specialty of dynamic characteristics of vehicle-turnout in LIM wheel/rail traffic system.Based on the above models and programs, according to the spatial coupling dynamic model of vehicle-turnout in LIM wheel/rail traffic, study is done on vibration characteristics of vehicle system and turnout system when the vehicle passing through the turnout branch and main. Research is done on the main designing parameters of vehicle system (different velocities, axle loads, suspension modes of LIM, and etc.) and the main designing parameters of turnout system (influence of stiffness under rail and layout of RP in turnout section, and etc.) in LIM wheel/rail traffic system.On account of the stability, comfort and security of vehicle operating, the research on mutual compatibility of turnout system is done, and the deep study on the LIM system and the rational, effective measures for vibration control in LIM wheel/rail traffic system is made by above models. In this thesis, the reasonable suggestions for design, construction and maintenance of turnout in LIM wheel/rail traffic system were putted forward. Accordingly, the research is a reference for the development of the LIM wheel/rail traffic system in china, and it is also important for control of gap and vibration control.更多还原