【作者】 张黎敏；

【导师】 马以鑫；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 中国现当代文学， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 《学灯》作为“五四”新文化运动中的四大著名副刊之一,曾以自己独特的风格在思想史、文学史和报刊史上留下了许多有意义的话题。但遗憾的是,迄今为止鲜有论者将《学灯》副刊作为一个独立的文化现象进行系统而有成效的探讨和研究。本论文着重以中层理论为学术平台,以《学灯》主编为着眼点,对发生于1918年3月至1923年8月之间的《学灯》副刊展开具体的实证研究,亦即以《学灯》媒介为一个文化—生态空间,分析《学灯》的内外二重世界以及编者、作者、读者三维的互动关系,重新梳理其文化传播过程和社会效果,从而探索中国现代文学的生长、生成机制。论文主要从以下五个方面对《学灯》展开论述:第一,探讨《学灯》建构文化传播阵地之动因。本章主要是从政治、文化、经济三方面进行考察,以凸显其多维的参照背景。笔者认为:在新文化运动中,《学灯》始终坚持中立、稳健的文化传播立场,这既与研究系知识分子的政治改良态度有紧密联系,同时也与《学灯》主编自身的思想意识有关。第二,张东荪、匡僧、俞颂华主编《学灯》阶段。此阶段亦可称之为《学灯》初创期。从整体来看,《学灯》初创时期因受时代潮流和舆论环境的影响,明显体现了其作为思想类、学术类刊物的主体特征,而对新文学则明显重视不够。第三,郭虞裳、宗白华主编《学灯》阶段。此阶段是《学灯》的兴盛期。本章重点考察宗白华主编时期的《学灯》,作为少年中国学会的重要成员,宗白华积极有效地沟通了《学灯》与《少年中国》的工作;作为编辑,他大胆改革《学灯》的办报模式并发现了其时还默默无闻的郭沫若,从而促成中国新诗的传播和发扬光大;而作为思想者,他又为诗学(包括哲学、美学、文艺学)留下许多宝贵的文化遗产。第四,李石岑主编《学灯》阶段。此阶段是《学灯》的过渡期。作为哲学家的李石岑,其身份具有学者与编辑二重性,从而使《学灯》整体上呈现出一种研究型风格,最明显的特色就是对西潮、学说予以特别关注,并加大了西潮的灌注与解读;其次,《学灯》专号的系列出版,构建了知识群体的公共空间,在传播策略上具有战略眼光。而在新文学方面,表现出了《学灯》“新文艺的差别待遇”。第五,郑振铎、柯一岑主编《学灯》阶段。此阶段是《学灯》的发展期。本章重点考察郑振铎主编时期的《学灯》,作为文学研究会核心人物,郑振铎直接借助《学灯》的大众传媒力量及《学灯》背后的研究系文化群体之资源建构新文学的文艺阵地,最直接的成效就是《文学旬刊》随《时事新报》附刊。至于柯一岑主编时期的《学灯》,一直是学术界研究的“空白点”,但笔者以为:虽然其时《学灯》盛望不再,但《学灯》仍为中国现代文学提供了不少精神资源。总体来说,本论文通过对《学灯》四个主要阶段的历史考察、构图以及与同时代其他报刊所进行的文化比较,意在把《学灯》作为一个“对象体”进行“中观”研究,并进而说明:中国现代文学之“树高千丈”并非“一日之长”,它的生成与生长是一个艰苦而复杂的过程,根本离不开新文化运动的历史语境以及富有中国特色的“人缘”结构。其中,《学灯》为中国现代文学提供了有意义的“中国经验”和研究范本。更多还原

【Abstract】 As one of the 4 famous supplements in the New Cultural Movement, "XueDeng" was so impressing in the history of ideas, literature, newspaper and periodicals with its unique style. Unfortunately, seldom experts studied and discussed "XueDeng" as an independent cultural phenomenon systematically and effectively up to now.In the paper, the writer focused on middle theory as academic platform, started from the chief editor of "XueDeng", carried out concrete empirical study on the supplements of "XueDeng" printed from Marth, 1918 to August, 1923, which was to analze both inner and outer world of "XueDeng" and the interactive relation among editors, authors and readers with "XueDeng" as a cultural-ecological space, recard the process of their culrual spread and social effect in order to explore the growth and generation system of Chinese modern literature.The writer discussed it from 5 aspects:First, the writer discussed the reason of building cultural spreading position of "XueDeng" from 3 aspects of politics, culture and economy in order to highlight its multidimensional reference background. The writer thought "XueDeng" always adhered to neutral and stable cultural spreading position which is closely related to both political improvement attitudes of intellectuals of "YanJiu Clique" and the chief editors’ ideology of "XueDeng".Secondly, the period edited by Zhang Dong-sun, Kuang Seng, Yu Song-hua which is also called the initial stage of "XueDeng". Effected by the times trend and public opinions environment, "XueDeng" showed main features as ideological and academic publications and put less stress on new literature.Thirdly, the period edited by Guo Yu-shang and Zong Bai-hua, which is the flourishing stage of "XueDeng". "XueDeng" edited by Zong Bai-hua is emphasized. As main member of Yong China Association, Zong Bai-hua communicated the work of "XueDeng" and "Yong China" actively and effectively. As an editor, he reformed the pattern of "XueDeng" boldly and found Guo Mo-ruo who was unknown at that time, which contributed to the spread of Chinese poetory and improvement of it. And as a thinker, he left many valuable cultural heritage behind for poetics including philosophy, aesthetics and literary theory.Fourthly, the period edited by Li Shi-yin, which is transitional stage. As a philosopher, Li Shi-yin was both a scholar and an editor, which made "XueDeng" show the research style, care more about the West Wave, and increase the perfusion and interpretation on West Wave. The publication of series "XueDeng" built the public space for knowledge groups and had strategic vision in spreading strategy. In the new literature, it showed differential treatment to new art.Fifthly, the period edited by Zheng Zhen-duo and Ke Yi-yin which is the developing stage of "XueDeng". The relation between Zheng Zhen-duo and "XueDeng" is mainly discussed. As the core of literature research associaton, Zheng Zhen-duo borrowed mass media power of "XueDeng" directly and resources of cultural groups of "YanJiu Clique" behind "XueDeng" to bulid literary position of new literature. The most direct achievement is "WenXue Quarterly" as the supplement of "ShiShi XinBao". The "XueDeng" edited by Ke Yi-yin was always the blank spot. The writer thought "XueDeng" was no longer flourishing at that time, but it provided many spiritual resources for Chinese modern literature.Generally speaking, the paper researched "XueDeng" in 4 main stages and compared it with other newspaper in the same stage in order to study "XueDeng" objectively. The whole paper showed the generation and the growth of Chinese modern literature had experienced a tough and complex process, which could not be achieved without historical context and person’s background structure with Chinese characteristics. "XueDeng" provided meaningful "Chinese Experience" and research sample for Chinese modern literature.更多还原