【作者】 陈慧青；

【导师】 史秋衡；

【作者基本信息】 厦门大学 ， 高等教育学， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 高校布局结构是高等教育发展与改革的重要内容之一,它反映了高校的空间分布、地理位置以及高等教育资源的配置状况。高校布局结构随着社会环境变化而变化,它是高等教育与社会发展联系的纽带,影响着高等教育功能的发挥。论文以高校布局结构变革为研究对象,从时间和空间两个维度考察高校布局的动态结构和静态结构,遵循高校布局结构为何变革、如何变革以及变革什么的逻辑主线,采用文献法、实证分析和规范分析等研究方法,在系统论、教育的内外部关系规律和高等教育变革等理论的观照下,对高校布局结构变革的理论基础、发展历程、形成机理、空间演变规律以及空间形态等内容进行深入研究。论文主要涉及四块内容:一是高校布局结构变革的历史回顾,重点探讨高校布局结构在不同时期和社会背景下的变革历程,并将建国后高校近60年的演变史总结为“两程四段”的过程,“两程”以改革开放为界,“四段”分别是建国初期(1949～1965)、“文革”时期(1966～1976)、改革开放初期(1977～1991)和改革开放中后期(1992～)。高校布局结构在每个阶段变化的内容、特点与表现各不相同。二是高校布局结构变革的机理分析,通过对高校布局结构变革主体的力量变化、实现方式以及形成机制等问题的探讨,指出高校布局结构变革在国家、社会和高校三大主体相互作用的动力下,在实施手段或方式的措施保障以及作为约束条件的系统环境的变化中最终得以实现。三是从空间演变的角度审视高校布局结构变革,研究指出高校布局结构在宏观空间、中观空间和微观空间上的演变规律。从宏观上看,高校布局结构的四个演变阶段实质上是一个空间重构、空间断裂、空间延伸和空间整合的过程;从中观上看,高校布局结构的变革与城市的关系表现为集聚——扩散——再集聚的过程;从微观上看,高校与城市的空间关系随着城市化进程逐渐密切。四是从空间形态上总结高校布局结构变革的规律,通过“共时态”分析,指出高校布局结构分为六种空间模式,并对集中分布与分散分布两种经典模式的表现形态与形成原因进行分析,指出向心力与离心力的共同作用、历史惯性的路径依赖、高校发展的内在诉求和外部效应的客观需要是其形成的主要原因。更多还原

【Abstract】 The distribution structure of higher educational institutions is one of the important contents of the development and reform of higher education, which reflects the spatial distribution and geographical location of higher educational institutions and the allocation of higher educational resources. The distribution structure of higher educational institutions changes with the changes of social environment. It is a link between higher education and social development, which affects the function of higher education.The dissertation takes the transformation of the distribution structure in higher educational institutions as the research object. It’s from two dimensions of time and space to study the dynamics and static structure of higher educational institutions. Following the logic of why changes, how to change and what changes of the distribution structure of higher educational institutions, and using the methods of literature and empirical analysis and normative analysis, etc, with the systematic theory, the theory of the relationship rules between internal and external of education and the transformation of higher education, it studies profoundly on the theoretical basis, the development process, the formation mechanism, the spatial evolvement rules and the spatial forms of the transformation of the distribution structure in higher educational institutions, etc. The dissertation mainly contains four parts:Firstly, it is the historical review of the transformation of the distribution structure in higher educational institutions, focusing on the changing process of the distribution structure of higher educational institutions at different times and social context, and summarizing the past 60 years of the history as "two parts & four stages". "The two parts" are divided from the reform and opening up. "The four stages" are the early stage of the foundation of the People’s Republic of China (1949～1965), the Cultural Revolution Period (1966～1976), the early stage of the reform and opening up (1977～1991) and middle-late stage of the reform and opening up (1992～). The distribution structure of higher educational institutions changes differently in the contents, characteristics and performances in every stage.Secondly, it is the mechanism analysis of the transformation of the distribution structure in higher educational institutions, through the Discussion of the force changes of the subjects, the realization of ways as well as the formative mechanism, etc, pointing out that the transformation of the distribution structure in higher educational institutions is finally achieved under the driving force of the three main subject’s interaction of the nation, the society and the higher educational institutions, in the ways of implementation as the measures of guarantee, as well as the changes of the systematic environment as a constraint.Thirdly, understanding the transformation of the distribution structure in higher educational institutions from the perspective of spatial evolvement and pointing out that the evolvement rules of the distribution structure in higher educational institutions at the macro-space, meso-space and micro-space. From point view of the macro-space, the four evolvement stages of the distribution structure in higher educational institutions are essentially the process of spatial reconstruction, spatial rupture, spatial extension and spatial integration. From point view of the meso-space, the transformation of the distribution structure in higher educational institutions is the process of assembling-diffusing-gathering again with the relationship of the city. From point view of the micro-space, the spatial relationship between the universities and cities is gradually close with the process of urbanization.Fourthly, summarizing the rules of the transformation of the distribution structure in higher educational institutions from the perspective of spatial forms, through "a total of tense" analysis, pointing out that the distribution structure of higher educational institutions is divided into six spatial patterns, and analyzing the causes and manifestations of the two classic patterns of concentrative distribution and dispersive distribution, pointing out that the interaction of the centripetal force and centrifugal force, the path-dependence of the historical inertia, the intrinsic demands of the development for higher educational institutions and the external effects of the objective needs are the main causes.更多还原