【作者】 罗刚；

【导师】 范国睿；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 教育学原理， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 基础教育均衡发展是教育公平推进的表现。自2005年5月教育部发布《关于进一步推进义务教育均衡发展的若干意见》以来,促进义务教育均衡发展成为各级政府的重点工作之一。经过三年多的努力,教育差距继续扩大的势头有所缓解。但对于如何推进基础教育均衡发展,不同政府官员及理论研究者的价值选择和实现路径出现了分歧。理论上的分歧无法有效地指导政策的制定,还有可能导致政策实践的混乱。因此,以价值分析为主导的综合性政策分析是适切于当前基础教育均衡发展政策现状的。教育政策的价值不能离开教育价值而孤立存在。我国基础教育均衡发展政策的出台选择了什么价值?我国当前的基础教育均衡发展政策体系存在什么缺陷?我国基础教育均衡发展政策价值实现合理路径是什么?这些深层次问题是政策实践无法回避的现实课题。本论文的研究目的就是站在教育者和政策分析者的立场上,建构教育均衡政策的教育学分析视角,对国内外基础教育均衡发展的政策措施进行比较,对基础教育均衡发展政策文本的价值选择,对当前基础教育均衡发展的地方实践路径和策略进行透视,以期对我国基础教育均衡发展的政策实践提出一些建议。从多种学科视角对基础教育均衡发展进行探讨,有助于对教育均衡问题奠定坚实的理论基础,唤起社会的广泛关注。有必要强调的是,教育均衡既是一个社会问题,也是一个教育问题。教育学科需要在其它学科研究的基础上综合和发展出教育学对基础教育均衡的独特的视角。基础教育均衡是在教育资源相对均衡配置的教育结构与教育过程中,办学主体提供相对均等的教育机会和条件,优化教育功能,使每一个儿童都能在教育过程中实现自我建构,得到尽可能的发展的目标状态。以此为视角,基础教育均衡发展政策的分析会更多地表现出教育的品质和内涵。运用多源流政策分析框架对我国教育均衡政策的问题确认、社会关注和讨论以及党和政府执政思维的转变进行了政策过程的分析,对我国基础教育均衡发展政策的文本进行语义分析,和内容体系的分析,为揭示我国基础教育均衡发展政策的价值诉求提供了事实基础。基础教育均衡发展政策的外在价值在于促进社会公平,增进社会发展效益;而其内在价值在于优化教育功能,培养学生个性。当前政策所忽视的内在价值应该引起政府的重视。基础教育均衡发展政策价值实现的路径在于从政策资源的保障和政策效力的保证两方面进行。国外推进教育均衡政策的经验及其价值诉求是值得我们去分析和借鉴的。我国的基础教育均衡发展政策应该有长远战略,以保证政策手段的可持续性。对于我国教育均衡政策价值的实现存在着制度性和非制度性的制约因素。在概述全国性基础教育发展的基础上,通过对江苏省南北教育差距的改造的分析,对不同地区学校的学生生活状态的调查,说明我国的基础教育均衡发展政策有必要在学校层面推行。基础教育均衡发展政策价值实现有赖于从理念变革、公民参与和机制完善几个方面的努力。从实现教育均衡政策价值的主体来看,政府的教育治理转型是实现教育均衡的重要条件,而基础教育均衡发展政策价值的最终实现在于优化学校教育的功能。更多还原

【Abstract】 Balanced development of basic education is the representation of educational equity. From the issuance of Advises on Further Balanced Development of Compulsory Education by the Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China in May 2005, the balanced development of Compulsory education has become one of the important tasks of government The tendency of distensible educational gap is relaxed. Different officer and theory researcher have different opinion on the value selection and implement on how to balance develop the basic education. The diverge of theory can’t guide the making of policy, but maybe lead the chaos of policy practice. Comprehensive policy analysis leading by the value analysis is fit for the policies for the balance of basic education.The value of educational policy can’t exist depart from education value. What value did the policies for balance of basic education choose? What weaknesses are there in the policy system for balance of basic education? What is the reasonable route to realize the value of the policies for balance of basic education? The policy practice can’t avoid these issues. The aim of this dissertation is to construct the visual angle of pedagogy to the development of education, to compare the policy practice of the development of basic education at home and abroad, to get a perspective of text, route and tactic of the policies for balance of basic education, and put forward some suggestion by the position of pedagogue and analyzer of educational policy.Discussion from multi-subject is help to the academic foundation of the development of basic education and the extensive attention of society. But it’s necessary to stress that educational balance is not only a society problem but also an education problem. The particular visual angle of pedagogy can embody more quality of education on the analysis of the policies for balance of basic education.Multiple-streams Analysis on policy process, Semantic Analysis on policy text and analysis on the content system give the practical foundation to realize the value of policies for balance of basic education. The adaptation value is to promote the social equity and benefit The integration value is to optimize education function and foster the personality of students. The integration value which is neglected before should lay store by government The route to realize policy value lies in the assurance of policy resource and policy effectiveness. The experience and value pursuit of policies for the balance of basic education is worth to analysis and learn. Our policies for the balance of basic education should have long-term stratagem to ensure the sustainable of policy practice. There are institutional factors and non-institutional factors affect the value realization of policies for the balance of basic education. By the summary of national policy practice, the analysis of the reconstruction to the gap between the north and the south in Jiangsu province, the survey to the condition of schooling life in different area, it’s necessary to carry out at the level of school for policies for the balance of basic education.The value realization of policies for the balance of basic education lies on the effort of the change of concept, participation of citizen and perfecting of mechanism. The change of government on schooling management is the key condition to implement the balance of education. The ultimate value realization of policies for the balance of basic education lies in the optimization of schools’ function.更多还原