【作者】 李浩；

【导师】 庄辉明；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 中国古代史， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 天子政务秘书是指那些直接为皇帝服务,协助皇帝完成日常政务工作,并保证皇帝与大臣间政务信息畅通的秘书人员。在通讯手段较为落后的封建时代,皇帝主要通过文书的上传下达来实现对庞大帝国的有效统治,因此,天子政务秘书的工作内容亦主要围绕文书展开,包括:诏令起草,文书传达,文书平省等几个方面。由天子政务秘书组成的机构我们称之为天子政务秘书机构,又因政务秘书工作往往由不同的机构分担执行,我们把这些机构的组合称之为天子政务秘书系统。从两汉到魏晋南北朝,天子政务秘书系统的机构和人员组成总是处于不断的发展变化之中,其原因发人深思,其过程耐人寻味。以相对固定的天子政务秘书工作为主线,探究两汉魏晋南北朝天子政务秘书系统的变迁过程,弄清其变迁的时代背景和内在原因是本文研究之主要目的所在;开拓两汉魏晋南北朝政治制度变迁研究新的视野,充实完善两汉魏晋南北朝秘书史的内容是本文研究之主要意义所存。本文共分三部分:第一部分为论文的第一章,主要通过对中国古代史上“秘书”概念的辨析,理清本文探讨之“秘书”内涵,并最终落实到对“天子政务秘书系统”的课题研究界定;同时,通过对与本课题相关领域研究现状的分析,阐明本文研究之目的、意义。第二部分从第二章到第八章,以朝代为顺序分别探讨西汉、东汉、曹魏、西晋、东晋、南朝、北朝天子政务秘书机构和人员组成以及其所从事的政务秘书工作。通过研究,以点连线,以线观点,发现整个魏晋南北朝天子政务秘书系统发展变化的内在延续性、不同时期政务秘书系统发展的不同特点、同一时期政务秘书系统发展变化的内在原因。作为皇帝的亲信和处理日常政务所依赖的对象,天子政务秘书系统变迁与封建皇权的盛衰消长息息相关,对天子政务秘书系统发展变化的现象梳理和原因分析,亦是对皇权政治发展变化轨迹的探寻。第三部分是论文的总结,回顾整个两汉魏晋南北朝天子政务秘书系统变迁过程,总结其发展变化的内在规律和被赋予的政治意义,并进而反观其对现时代的指导意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Chief Secretary of the Emperor are those people who services directly to the emperor and help the emperor to complete day-to-day work of the Chief and to ensure that the information flow between the emperor and the minister .Means of communication to be lagging in the feudal era, the emperor mainly conveyed through the instrument to achieve an effective rule of a huge empire. Therefore, the Chief Secretary of the Emperor’s work is mainly carried out around the instruments.Include: Drafting instruments, Instruments to convey, Instruments reviewed. By the Chief Secretary of the composition of the emperor of the body, we call the Chief Secretary of institutions.Chief Secretary to work because different agencies often shared by the Executive, We call the combination of these institutions the Chief Secretary of the emperor system. From the Western Han to the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the Chief Secretary of the emperor system, composed of institutions and personnel are always in constant development and change.The reason thought-provoking, the process thought-provokingRelatively fixed in the Chief Secretary of the Emperor of the main line of work, exploring the Evolution of the Chief Secretary of the emperor system from the Western Han to the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the Chief Secretary of the change process Changes in the times to understand its background and the intrinsic reason is that the main purpose of this paper ;To open up the political system from the Han to the Southern and Northern Dynasties a new vision for Change, fleshed out the Content of Secretary of the history of China is the main significance of this study.This article is divided into three sections:The first part is introduction.Mainly through the history of Ancient China "Secretary" Concepts.This paper discusses the sort of the "Secretary" and eventually into the "Chief Secretary of the emperor system" as defined in the research. At the same time, with the subject of research in related fields of analysis, to clarify the purpose and the meaning of this paper.The second part from the first chapter to Chapter Disorder by dynasties, in order to explore for the Western Han, Eastern Han, Cao Wei, Western Jin, the Eastern Jin, Southern Dynasty, Northern Dynasty the Chief Secretary of the emperor composed of institutions and personnel, as well as they engaged in the work of the Chief Secretary.Through research, to point to connect, to line point of view, Found that the Chief Secretary of the emperor system, the continuity of the development and changes in the intrinsic, Chief Secretary to the system at different stages of development of the different characteristics, Chief Secretary to the system during the same period the underlying causes of the development and changes. As the emperor’s close aides and rely on day-to-day work of the Chief, the Chief Secretary of the emperor system changes in growth and decline of imperial power is closely related to the rise and fall of the emperor system, Chief Secretary to the emperor system, the phenomenon of development and changes in grooming and Analysis, It is also track changes in the political development of imperial power search.The third part is a summary of papers, reviewed the evolution of the Chief Secretary from the Western Han to the Southern and Northern Dynasties, summed up the developments and changes in its internal laws and have been given the political significance and thus the other hand, is its guiding significance for the times.更多还原