艺术公共性的建构：上海城市公共艺术史论

【作者】 郭公民；

【导师】 郑元者；

【作者基本信息】 复旦大学 ， 文艺学， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 本文以上海城市公共艺术作为主要研究对象，着重探讨城市公共艺术之公共性的历史性建构问题。城市公共艺术的“公共性”并非是个一成不变的抽象概念，其具体内涵始终处于一种不断变化的历史性建构和生成过程之中。论文按照“近代开埠的初创期——建国十七年重建期——‘文革’十年动乱——新时期的繁荣发展期”的历史发展序列，在对上海城市公共艺术进行基本历史梳理和各期主要作品进行案例分析的基础上，探讨上海的城市公共艺术在特定历史语境中的公共性功能和公共意义指向，以及各方力量和社会公众群体在围绕作品展开的公共交流和对话中传达出来的公共性讯息与表达的价值诉求等问题。以探求社会文化语境的历史变迁中，上海的城市公共艺术在具体的公共性内涵上发生了哪些变化，公共性的建构过程又受到哪些群体、社会因素和意识形态的影响。本文主要由绪论、作为主体的四章和结论三大部分组成：绪论部分，在对城市公共艺术的研究缘起和研究现状进行基本介绍的同时，对城市公共艺术当中的公共性和公共交流功能等基本概念加以简要的理论梳理，并说明本研究的问题侧重点、研究对象、叙述框架。第一章分别论述上海近代开埠以后由殖民者、中国人建造的公共纪念碑和雕塑各自传达了哪些政治讯息和价值观念，以及它们具有何种公共性内涵和功能。第二章通过对建国十七年在上海城市公共空间中建造和设立的公共纪念碑雕塑的分析研究，探讨这个时期上海城市公共艺术的公共性功能和公共性内涵问题。第三章结合“文革”的社会文化背景和意识形态语境对十年间上海建造的毛泽东塑像、塑造“工农兵”和英雄人物形象的雕塑进行公共性的解读，并探讨特定的政治意识形态是如何建构和赋予这一时期公共艺术公共特性的。第四章涉及的主要是新时期以来的上海城市公共艺术的公共性问题，通过对不同空间区域中的作品分析，说明在城市空间区域化和城市文化多元化的发展过程中，城市公共艺术的公共性体现出多元化的发展趋向。结论部分，根据前面章节的分析论述得出，公共艺术的公共性是一个受历史变迁影响，且始终处于一种历史性建构过程中的变化的概念。而且，无论公共艺术的公共性内涵怎样变化，它都始终以艺术的方式介入到了社会“公共领域”——无论是政治公共领域，还是公共生活领域——当中，并作为一种社会群体在“公共领域”中进行自我表达和表现的媒介，与社会现实保持着密切的互动，从而才实现了其公共性的价值，发挥了社会认同和社会整合的公共功能。更多还原

【Abstract】 Taking City Public Art of Shanghai as a major research object,this paper willmainly discuss the historical construction of City Public Art’s publicity.The publicity of City Public Art is not a constant abstract concept,its concreteconnotation is changing in the process of historical generation and construction.According to the sequence of historical development of“Open Port in moderntimes—the 17-years rebuilding from People’s Republic of China was founded—thedecade turmoil of Culture Revolution—the prosperous development in the New Era”,and on the basis of essential historical outline of Shanghai’s City Public Art and thecase analysis on main works in different period,this paper will discuss the publicityfunction and the publicity significance of Shanghai City Public Art in specifichistorical context,the pubicity information and value demand which are expressed bydifferent parties and the pubic when they communicate around works and so on,andso as to seek what changes have taken place in the concrete connotation of ShanghaiCity Public Art,what group,social factor,ideology have affected the process ofpublicity construction.This paper consists of three parts:the exordium,the mainly part and theconclusion.During the introduction of research reason and status of City Public Art,theexordium will have a simple theory carding on some concepts,such as the publicity ofCity Public Art,the function of public intercourse and so on.In addition,we willillustrate the research focus,research object and the narrative framework in this part.The first chapter will discuss what political information and values had beenexpressed on the public monument and sculpture which were built byColonialists/Chinesesince Opening Port in modem times in Shanghai and whatpublicity connotation and function they have.According to the research on the public monument and sculpture which werebuilt in Shanghai’s public space in the first 17-years from People’s Republic of Chinawas founded,The second chapter will discuss the public function and publicconnotation of Shanghai City Public Art in this period.Combined with the social culture background and ideology of Culture Revolution,the third chapter will have an interpretation about the sculptures of MaoZedong,“peasants and soldiers confederation”and heroes.Besides,this chapter willalso discuss how the specific political ideology built the public character of Public Artin this period.The fourth chapter will refer to the publicity of Shanghai City Public Art in theNew Era.According to the analysis on works from different space,this chapter willillustrate the diversification tendency of Shanghai City Public Art’s publicity in theprocess of diversification development of city space and culture.The Conclusion:According to the anterior analysis,the publicity of Public Art isa concept that is affected by history and is changing in the process of historicalgeneration and construction.And no matter how the publicity connotation changes,ithas intervened in social“Public Space”,and keeps an interaction with social reality,no matter it is Public Political Space or Public Life Space.As an intermediary whichis expressed by social group,the publicity of Public Art has realized its public valueand played its function that is identified and integrated by society.更多还原