李重华诗学研究

【作者】 王松涛；

【导师】 杨明；

【作者基本信息】 复旦大学 ， 中国文学批评史， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 李重华是清代中期重要诗人、诗论家。本文采用传统文献学的方法，从李重华《贞一斋集》与《贞一斋诗说》切入，结合其所著《诗传附义》，在大量搜集梳理文史资料的基础上，充分吸收现有研究成果，以兼重李重华诗歌理论与诗歌创作的研究方法，从整体系统层面对李重华诗学思想进行了细致研究。论文共分为五章，其内容如下：绪论部分，介绍李重华研究史及本文的选题意义。第一章“李重华生平、交游考述”。生平部分，考察了李重华的生平经历，勾勒出比较详细的人生轨迹；对李重华卒年作了补正；考辨李重华充一统志编修及京师结社的时间问题。交游考部分，按照李重华生平经历，分为吴江时期、京师时期、游历时期三个阶段。依据史传及地方文献等资料，简介交游人物生平，并从《贞一斋集》、《贞一斋诗说》及交游者所著诗文集中，找出有关诗文补充说明，以期从交游角度来进一步了解李重华的生平事迹及其诗学思想形成之影响人物。第二章“李重华诗学思想宗旨”。分别论述了李重华“诗有三要”、“诗有五长”及“诗教”、“六义”主张各自内涵及相互关系。李重华“三要”说主张“意立而象与音随之”。针对初学者，提倡从悟音入手，但又不可执着于音律所限定的规律，崇尚“天籁”；重视写景在赋、比、兴手法运用中的作用；追求以神运之、“意在言外”的境界。“五长”说推重以神、气运之的创作，但并不反对以巧、词、事运之。李重华崇尚“天籁”之音，主张创作以神运之，但要以温柔敦厚之诗教为本。第三章“李重华论历代诗”。本章分为三节，分别考察了李重华对汉魏六朝诗、唐诗、宋元明诗的认识和评述。第一节主要论述了李重华对汉魏六朝四言诗、骚体诗、五言诗、乐府及七言诗作家作品的评论。第二节主要讨论了李重华关于唐代五七言古诗、五七言律诗、五七言绝句及乐府的批评。第三节考察了李重华有关宋元明诗的评价。李重华对历代诗歌的评价，贯穿着其诗学思想宗旨。在以“六义”为旨归的前提下，他肯定诗歌的变化发展，不以时代论优劣，主张日出日新，自成一家。第四章“李重华论诗歌题材及其创作实践”。本章择取《贞一斋集》中拟古诗、咏物诗、咏史诗三类题材作为典型个案，并结合《贞一斋诗说》中相关论述，分析李重华在拟古诗、咏物诗、咏史诗创作中体现出的诗学思想。第五章“李重华论历代选本与诗学理论著作”。本章分为两节，第一节主要考察了李重华对《文选》、唐人选唐诗、《诗归》等历代选本的评价。第二节主要讨论李重华对《诗品》、《二十四诗品》及《沧浪诗话》的评价。更多还原

【Abstract】 Li Chong-hua is an important poet and poetry theorist in mid-QingDynasty.In this paper,using the traditional method of Bibliography fromZheng-yi Zhai Ji and Zheng-yi Zhai Shi Shuo start to study,combining hisShi Zhuan Fu Yi,based on a large number of literary and historical datacollected carding,taking full advantage of existing research results,by method of paying equal attention to Li Chong-hua’s poetry theory andpoetry writing,studying Li Chong-hua’s poetics in details from theoverall system level.The thesis is divided into five chapters,it reads as follows:In preface,giving an overview of the results of some predecessors’researches and giving an account of the significance of this topic.The first chapter is“Li Chong-hua’s life and Friendship Research”Drawing the detailed outline of Li Chong-hua’s life by investigating hislife experience.Correcting the time of Li Chong-hua’s death,and doingtextual research the time about he take part in editing of Yi Tong Zhiand assembly in the capital.In the“Friendship Research”part,inaccordance with Li Chong-hua’s life experience,his friendship is dividedinto WuJiang period and Capital period and Travel Period.Based onhistorical information and local literature,introducing the lifeexperience of his friends,and finding some poems from Zheng-yi Zhai Jiand Zheng-yi Zhai Shi Shuo in order to better understand Li Chong-hua’slife story and the characters who are impacted the formation of his poeticsby the perspective of friendship.The second chapter is“The Main Idea of Li Chong-hua’s Poetics”Expounding Li Chong-hua’s poetry opinions such as“Three Elements ofPoetry”,“Five Skills in Poetry Writing”,“Poetic Education”and“Six-justice”and their mutual relations.For beginners,Li Chong-hua claimsthat they should start to understand the sound,but can not rigidly adhereto the tone,he advocates“Voice of Nature”as well.He emphasizes onthe role of description of the scene in the artistic technique of FU andBI and Xing and pursues the realm behind the poetry language.In“FiveSkills in Poetry Writing”,he holds that the spirit and morale plays animportant part in poetry writing,but he does not oppose the use of cleverwords in the course of writing.However,Li Chong-hua think that poetsmust abide by the traditional rule of“Poetic Education”when they put these skills into practice.The third chapter is“Li Chong-hua’s Critiques about Some Poetsand Poems of Different Dynasties”.It is divided into three sections,studying Li Chong-hua’s views and comments of Han,Wei,Six Dynasties,Tang,Song,Yuan and Ming poetry.SectionⅠfocuses on Li Chong-hua’scomments of the writer’s comments and poetry in Han,Wei and Six Dynastiesthat includes four-character verse,“Sao Ti”verse,five-characterverse,“YueFu”verse and seven-character verse.SectionⅡmainlydiscusses the Tang Dynasty’ s poetry critics about five-character verse,seven-character verse and“YueFu”verse.SectionⅢstudies LiChong-hua’s review of Song,Yuan and Ming poetry.Li Chong-hua’s reviewof the ancient poetry,permeated with his ideological purpose of thepoetics.Take“Six-justice”as the premise of destination,he does notdeny the development of poetry,and advocates innovation.The fourth chapter is“Li Chong-hua’s Theme of Poetry and CreativePractice”.In this chapter,three themes of imitate poetry such as Ni-gupoetry,Yong-wu poetry,Yong-shi poetry by selected from Zheng-yi ZhaiJias typical cases,combining with the relevant comments of Zheng-yi ZhaiShi Shuo and analyzing Li Chong-hua’s idea of the poetics that reflectedin his Ni-gu poetry,Yong-wu poetry,Yong-shi poetry.The fifth chapter is“Li Chong-hua’ s Theory of The LiteraryAnthology and Poetry Theory Books in Different Dynasties”.This chapteris divided into two sections:sectionⅠmainly studies Li Chong-hua’scritics of the Literary anthology in different dynasties such as SelectedWorks,Tang Dynasty’ s Poems Selected by Tang Dynasty’ s Poets and Shi-Gui.SectionⅡfocuses on Li Chong-hua’s reviews of different poetry theorybooks like Shi Pin,24S hi Pin and Cang Lang Shi Hua.更多还原