【作者】 彭志武；

【导师】 潘懋元；

【作者基本信息】 厦门大学 ， 高等教育学， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 高等职业教育业已成为我国高等教育发展的生长点,但其在学制方面存在的问题,直接影响了中高职教育的积极发展。高等职业教育纵向多层并与普通高等教育横向沟通的确定,固然受经济、科技、人才结构的要求所制约,高职院校办学者和求学者的价值取向也是不能不考虑的重要因素。高职教育学制的理论基础在于教育的内外部关系规律、高等教育大众化理论、人力资本理论、教育市场化理论、人才结构理论,以这些理论为指导,有助于提高我们建立高等职业教育独立体系的自觉性。高职教育学制牵一发而动全身,因此,改革高职教育学制必须具有历史眼光、全球眼光、未来眼光,进行通盘考虑。清末以来,我国学制经历了一个产生、发展的历史过程,其改革的致因是多方面的、复杂的,它既受社会经济状况的制约,又受政治制度和政治环境的左右。目前,我国以专科为最高层次的终结性的高职教育学制直接制约了我国中高职教育的发展,与发达国家和地区的高等职业教育向更高阶段延伸的态势及其与普通高等教育的横向衔接的高职教育学制发展趋势相违背。总结我国高职教育学制发展的成败得失,借鉴主要发达国家和地区高职教育学制的发展经验并使之中国化,笔者认为我国高职教育学制至少应具有以下特点:第一,高等职业教育体系应是独立的体系;第二,高等职业教育体系应该是和普通高等教育体系相平行的体系;第三,高等职业教育体系和普通高等教育体系是相沟通的;第四,高职院校类型和学制灵活多样,有长有短;第五,高等职业教育体系中的各层次教育应易于与成人高等教育结合。建设结构合理、灵活开放、特色鲜明的我国高职教育学制,需要有良好的政策环境和发展策略:健全我国职业资格证书制度;高职院校有必要开展多证制教育并力求多证制教育的有机整合;设置各类教育之间的桥梁课程;建立开放的高职教育体系;以灵活多样的高职教育学制来满足不同地域、不同行业对不同层次应用型人才的需求。更多还原

【Abstract】 Higher vocational education has became the growth point of higher education development in our country, but the problems existed in its school system which affect the active development of secondary and higher vocational education. The confirming between the portrait multilayer of higher vocational education and the crosswise communication of common higher education, although it is restricted by the requirement of economy, technology and human structure, the value orientation of school holder and attendee of higher vocational academy should be the important factor that is considered. The theoretical basis of higher vocational education school system is rest with the internal and external relationship rule of education, the theory of the higher education popularization, the theory of the human capital, the theory of the education marketing, the theory of human structure, we take these theory as guidance, this will help us promote the consciousness to establish the individual system of higher vocational education.The dinky part of higher vocational education will influence whole, therefore, to reform the higher vocational education school system; we must have historic, world and future insight to consider it wholly. Since the end of the Qing Dynasty, our school system has experience a produce, develop historic process, the cause of the reform is various, complex, it is not only restricted by the social economic situation, but also affected by the politic system and environment. At present, the higher vocational school system which take the specialty as its top level, it is directly restrict the development of the secondary and higher vocational education. And it is also breach with the trend of the higher vocational education extension to higher stage in developed countries and districts, and breach with the development trend of the crosswise connection with the common higher education for higher vocational school system.To conclude the success and failure experiences of our higher vocational education development, use the higher professional school system in main developed countries and districts for reference, and make it adapt to China. The writer of this article regards that the higher vocational education school system at least possesses with the following characteristics: the first, the higher vocational education system should be individual system. The second, the system of the higher vocational education system should be paralleled with the common higher education system. The third, the system of higher vocational education system is communicated with the common higher education system. The forth, the type and school system of the higher vocational academy is flexible and various, long and short. The fifth, the various level of the higher vocational education system should be easy to combine with the adult higher education.To construct the higher vocational education school system which possesses with reasonable structure, flexible and open, obvious feature .We must have good policy environment and development strategy. That is, to sound the professional credentials system, and to carry out multi-certificate education and strive to the organic integrations of the multi-certificate system education, set up the bridge curriculum of the various education, establish the open higher vocational education system, and make it as a flexible and diverse higher vocational education system, to satisfy the different districts and profession towards the different level requirement of the application person.更多还原