【作者】 王金虎；

【导师】 汤庚国；

【作者基本信息】 南京林业大学 ， 植物学， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 在野外观察蹄盖蕨属部分种类、查阅标本馆所藏本属植物标本以及在扫描电镜下观察本属20余种植物的孢子形态和叶表面微形态基础上,对国产该属进行了分类学修订,并作区系地理学分析,推断其分布、分化中心及可能的起源地;通过对本属现生种及已知化石种的形态性状分析,讨论了本属植物形态性状的演化趋势。1、蹄盖蕨属植物根状茎类型、是否具刺、孢子囊群的形态、羽片基部上侧具否耳状突起、具否棘头状腺毛等5个性状较稳定,可作该属属下分类性状,而叶或羽片的形状、羽片具否柄等性状可作分种性状,但叶分裂回数、鳞片和叶柄、羽轴及小羽轴的颜色、被毛的多少、裂片形状等性状不适合单独作为分种性状。本属植物的孢子表面纹饰具高度多样性,对澄清该属某些可疑种具否独立地位有一定意义。本属植物就表皮微形态特征而言有很强的亲缘关系。2、本文把国产蹄盖蕨属划分为10组3系;归并了13个名称为新异名;把7种降为变种;认为草地蹄盖蕨应归入尖头蹄盖蕨,狭叶蹄盖蕨应并入毛翼蹄盖蕨;最后确认我国有本属植物82种,15变种,1变型。3、发现裸囊蹄盖蕨羽轴上面有短刺,对描述作了修改。4、为1个种指定了后选模式。5、国产蹄盖蕨属植物可划分为热带亚洲分布、东亚分布和中国特有3个类型。本属为温带地理成份,横断山脉地区是其分布中心和分化中心,但不是起源中心,其起源时间至少可追朔到早白垩世,属温带起源。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on field investigation and examination of specimens of Athyrium Roth in herbaria, as well as examination of spore morphology and leaf epidermis of more than 20 species of the genus under scanning electronic microscope (SEM), the genus (s. str.) from China was taxonomically revised in this paper. Its geographic distribution and areal-type (including subtypes) were analyzed, and the centers of its distribution, differentiation, and origination were deduced as well. With comparative morphology study of recent and fossil species, the evolutional trend of the morphological characters of Athyrium Roth was supposed.1、The five morphological characters of rhizome type, with or without spine, sorus shape, with or without enations on acroscopic position of pinna base, and with or without squarrose-glandular hairs are stable and can be used for infrageneric classification of Athyrium. The other morphological characters, such as shape of lamina or pinna and with or without petiole of pinna, can be used as species-recognizing characters. But the characters of division of lamina, colour of scales, petioles, rachises, costae and costules, amount of hairs, and lobe shape, are not suitable to be used for species identification separately. The spore surface ornamentation of the genus is polymorpholic, and more or less species-specific, so that it can be used as evidence to affirming whether the species whose independent species status is uncertain or debatable is valid or not. The affinity of species from the genus could be deduced on the basis of leaf epidermal features.2、In this paper the Chinese Athyrium Roth s. str. was classified into 10 sections, 3 series; 13 names were reduced to new synonyms; 7 species were treated as varieties; A. praticola Ching should be a synonym of A. vidalii (Franch. et Sav.) Nakai, A. tenuifolium Y.T.Hsieh et Z.R.Wang a synonym of A. dubium Ching. Thus 82 species, 15 varieties, and 1 form were recognized from China.3、Short spine are present on adaxial costae of A. pachyphyllum Ching.4、A lectotype specimen was assigned to A. suprapubescens Ching.5、The species of Athrium Roth s. str. from China belong to the areal-types of Tropical Asia, East Asia, and Endemic to China. The Hengduan Mountains are regarded as centers of distribution and differentiation, but not origin of the genus. The genus possibly originated in the Early Cretaceous and the origin center of it was possibly boreal in temperate flora.更多还原