【作者】 张莉；

【导师】 张浩力；

【作者基本信息】 兰州大学 ， 物理化学， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 许多现代技术发展的机会都来源于新型微观结构的成功构造或现有结构的小型化,因此微观图案化的表面对于现代科技的发展有着重要的意义,表面图案化的新技术和新方法也一向倍受人们的关注。随着材料科学的发展,现代材料的性能不再单纯依赖于材料本身的固有性质,通过可控的方法构筑得到的表面微米或纳米尺度有序结构往往带来令人兴奋的崭新现象和功能。各种现代材料的可控微观有序结构化已经成为其器件化和功能高级化的必要前提。本文将微接触印刷技术与几种其它微加工方法相结合构筑了多种功能材料的有序表面微结构,新的微加工方法具有方便廉价和适用物质范围广泛等优点,为发展制备高度有序的微米、纳米功能化表面提供了崭新的思路。主要取得了以下成果:1、将微接触印刷与高分子共混物相分离相结合制备了图形化高分子薄膜。首先用微接触印刷技术在金表面构筑憎水亲水表面交替的条纹状图形,将高分子PS/PVP共混物溶液滴涂在图形化表面,在溶剂挥发过程中,高分子共混物在基底的诱导下发生相分离,从而得到图形化高分子薄膜。我们讨论了膜厚、基底图案尺寸对制备的图形化高分子薄膜品质的影响;并将TOPO-CdSe量子点与有机染料Alq3掺杂在高分子共混物溶液中,实现了功能材料在基底上的图案化。2、将微接触印刷与breath figures相结合制备了高度有序的CdSe量子点阵列并研究了多种因素对构筑有序阵列的影响。在用这种模板对CdSe量子点组装形成有序阵列的过程中,我们认为CdSe量子点在液液界面的组装是关键因素。利用所得的CdSe量子点阵列作模板,成功制备了CdSe/CdTe的多色量子点阵列。3、结合微接触印刷和电化学沉积的方法,制备了图形化FeNi合金薄膜,并对其磁学性质进行了研究。所制备的图形化FeNi合金薄膜不仅具有普通磁性薄膜的平面各向异性,还具有面内各向异性,我们认为这种面内磁各向异性来源在于条纹的形状各向异性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Fabrication of patterned surface in micro/nano scale has important scientific significance for the development of modern science and technology.The development opportunity of many electronic and optical devices relies on the successful fabrication of new microstructures and the miniaturization of current structure.Controllable fabrication of ordered microstmctures is the essential prerequisite of device construction of various modern materials.Meanwhile,patterning of functional materials into micro/nano structures may bring surprising phenomena and new functionalities.Therefore,new technologies for surface patterning of functional materials have always attracted great attentions.In this thesis,highly ordered surface microstmctures of several functional materials are fabricated by new methods combining microcontact printing with other techniques.The new methods developed in this thesis provide flexibility for patterning a variety of functional materials into micro/nano arrays in a highly controlled manner.1.Alternating hydrophobic and hydrophilic stripe patterns were fabricated on Au substrates using microcontact printing.PS/PVP polymer blend solutions were drop-cast onto the patterned surface to give phase separation pattern on the substrates.The effects of various factors on the formation of phase separation patterns have been investigated and the optimum condition for the pattern replication has been discussed.Furthermore, we demonstrated that this phase separation technique could be used to organize functional materials,such as CdSe nanoparticles and fluorescent organic dyes Alq3,into highly regular patterns.2.Highly regular water droplet array templates were fabricated by combining microcontact printing with "breath figure" technique.Using these templates,highly ordered CdSe QDs ring arrays can be obtained.Multicolor CdSe/CdTe arrays were also prepared using the ordered CdSe QDs arrays as templates.The influences of various factors such as solvent type,solution concentration and operation procedure on the pattern quality were investigated.The key step for the fabrication technique is that the QDs behave like surfactant and are self-assembled at the water/solvent interface. 3.Patterned films of magnetic FeNi alloy were obtained by combining microcontact printing with electrodeposition.The magnetic properties of the patterned FeNi film were studied,The patterned FeNi films show both plane anisotropy and in-plane anisotropy due to the strong shape anisotropy of the FeNi stripes.更多还原