我国农村外出劳动力回流研究

【作者】 金沙；

【导师】 郭志仪；

【作者基本信息】 兰州大学 ， 区域经济学， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 农村外出劳动力回流是“民工潮”后，我国又一新的人口流动现象。研究农村外出劳动力回流现象，能够拓宽对人口流动研究的视野。本文回顾了我国农村外出劳动力回流的历史，并重点对现阶段农村外出劳动力回流的特征进行分析，在此基础上，从理论和实证两方面对现阶段我国农村外出劳动力回流的原因、效应及回乡创业等问题进行了具体论述。首先，本文从理论和现实的角度分析了农村外出劳动力的回流原因。理论方面，依据托达罗模型和推拉模型，对我国农村外出劳动力主动回流和被动回流的原因进行解释；现实方面，归纳了二元户籍制度，农村外出劳动力自身素质、经济因素、政策因素、心理及家庭因素、创业因素等影响农村外出劳动力回流的具体原因。其次，分析了农村外出劳动力回流给城市和农村带来的正负两方面的效应。本文仍然从主动回流和被动回流两个角度对回流效应进行分析，在此基础上，分析了农村外出劳动力回流与新农村建设以及我国二元经济结构改造之间的相关关系。再次，以大都市边缘区回流的农村外出劳动力为对象，对回流原因、效应等问题进行实证研究，以探讨处在大都市边缘区的回流农村外出劳动力在回流原因、效应上与其他欠发达地区同类群体的差异性。最后，在以上研究的基础上，提出了促进我国农村外出劳动力有序流动的对策建议，建议通过健全和完善法律制度、社会保障制度、职业教育制度来抑制被动回流，并通过拓展融资渠道、制定相关的优惠政策等措施来鼓励主动回流，既使农村剩余劳动力能够顺利转移，同时又能为社会主义新农村建设提供急需的高素质人才。更多还原

【Abstract】 Rural migration return is a new phenomenon after the migrant worker tide in ourcountry.Research on this new phenomenon can expand a new field of vision in themovement of population.Firstly,we review the history of the rural migration return,and focus on thecharacteristic of the rural migration return to the present stage.Based on this,weanalysis the reason,the effect and the self-business behavior of the rural migrationreturn from both theoretical and empirical diagnosis.Secondly,this paper explains the reason of initiative return and passive return basedon the Todaro model and the“Pull and Push”model.Moreover,this papersummarizes the specific reasons of the rural migration return,such as householdregistration system,quality of the rural migration,economic factors,andpolicy-related factors,psychological factors,family factors,self-business behavior,and so on.Thirdly,this paper analyses the positive and negative effects of the rural migrationreturn to the city and the countryside.We explain the effects from two aspects.Also,the paper analyses the correlation between rural migration return and thetransformation of the dual economic structure.Fourthly,taking the rural migration return that come from the metropolis fringeareas as an object,the paper answers the reason and the effect of the rural migrationreturn.Based on above research,we focus on the differences between the metropolisfringe areas and other underdeveloped areas.Finally,the paper proposes suggestions that promote the flow of the rural migrationorderly.The paper suggest that we should suppress the passive backflow bystrengthening our legal system,social security system and vocational educationsystem,also,we should encourage the initiative backflow by expanding the financingchannels and other preferential policies.Only in this way,not only we can promotethe transferring rural surplus labor force,but also we can provide the sufficient laborforce to the construction of new socialist countryside.更多还原