【作者】 高博；

【导师】 严宝杰；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 交通运输规划与管理， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 在我国已成为世界上收费公路数量最多的国家这种大环境下，使得收费公路的收费管理愈显重要，论文把计重收费的标准确定理论和应用作为研究目标，进行系统完整地研究。首先，论文研究分析确定收费标准和收费方式时，主要考虑两个基本因素，即道路使用者的受益程度及不同载重车辆在道路使用过程中对道路的通行能力的影响和对道路的磨损和破坏程度。而根据车型划分收费不能把这两个因素结合起来，而计重收费则能很好的解决这一问题，并且也能兼顾治理超限超载。其次，论文介绍了可用于我国目前公路计重收费的四种超限认定标准，并对公路计重收费标准确定的理论进行研究分析，对计重收费区间的划分。从理论和实践上来说，提出了两种方法：(1)现行车型收费模式下吨位数区间换算计重收费模式下吨位数区间。(2)根据当地车辆的车货总重分布情况划分不同的计重收费区间。因此论文提出下列计重收费区间划分推荐方案，将实际车货总质量M划分为三个区间：M≤10T，10T＜M≤40T，M＞40T。对超限收取费用标准进行分析，从理论和实践出发，提出了几种超限收取方案可供选择。经过理论与实践分析，论文认为制定超限收取方案，首先应将计重质量分为合理计重质量和超限计重质量。建议将合理计重质量暂定为正常装载30%以内。对于不合理装载，论文建议将超限率划分为30%～100%和100%以上两个区间。对于桥隧载货类汽车超限部分计重收费费率，正常装载和超限30%以内的车辆，按正常车辆收取通行费；超限30%～100%的车辆的收取倍数采用从1倍线性递增至K倍；超限100%以上的收取倍数为K。同时，根据作者多年来在此方面所做的研究课题，结合目前各实行计重收费的省份实际情况加以分析和说明，论文提出了我国高速公路实施计重收费存在现实问题，并对这些问题提出了相应对策。最后，论文针对以上分析，总结出了研究结论：1．提出了计重收费超限的认定标准。2．提出了计重收费的理论模型，并给出了相应的计算公式，为今后规范全国的计重收费奠定了基础。3．提出了计重收费标准的测算模型。更多还原

【Abstract】 Our country has become the world’s largest number of turnpikes in these years. That makes the management of turnpike more important for regulation of weight-calculating charge standard and application in theory.Firstly, this thesis mainly considers two basic factors in determining charge standards and its methods, namely, benefit degrees for road users and influences from different load vehicles upon traffic capacities, road surface abrasion and damages. Charging fees according to vehicle types and models can’t approach the purpose, combining the above two elements, but weight-calculating charging can. Meanwhile, treatment of overloading and overstressing can be concerned.Secondly, this thesis introduces four standards of overload appraisals to be available in our country. In addition, theories on the overloading charges and division of charging intervals are under research and analysis. In theory and practice, two measures are mentioned this thesis: (1) conversion of current charging by tons into the mode of weight-calculating charges; (2) sectional distribution of charging by total weights of vehicle and goods can be classified for new charging by sections. Accordingly, a new charge is recommended. By the total weights of vehicles and goods (M) are divided into 3 sections: M≤10T, 10T<M≤40T, MMOL Such analysis on the overload charging standards presents, theoretically and practically, a few selections.The author in this thesis considers the first thing for drafting a charging proposal is a division of weight and quality into quality and overweight quality. Meanwhile, it is suggested that 30% overloading can be regarded as normal weight, unacceptable overloading sections between 30% - 100% and 100% more. Vehicles over bridges and into tunnels take a new level for normal charging in section 1: normal load and less than 30% overload, overloading between 30% and 100% charges with multiple linear increase from 1-K, and the last section of over 100% load takes K times of fees.Experiences on studies and research of traffic loading and overloading for many years, as well as the current charging from overloading in different provinces, helps the author to provide some indicating issues from charging by weight and some workable ideas and measures.In conclusion, the following conclusions are summarized for presentation: 1. the overload charging standards by weight-calculating.2. theoretical model and corresponding formulas for weight-calculating charging.3. measurement and calculation for weight-calculating charging.更多还原