【作者】 李超；

【导师】 许金良；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 道路与铁道工程， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 公路自然区划是公路网规划及制定相关标准、规范的重要依据。构建公路自然区划地理信息系统(HZ-GIS)，进一步提高公路自然区划研究的定量化与自动化水平，以增强区划成果的客观性、科学性和准确性，对于合理地进行路网规划、建设与养护具有重要的理论和现实意义。论文在深入分析中国公路自然区划研究体系及其对数据与系统功能需求的基础上，对HZ-GIS的总体结构和系统集成开发方案进行了阐述；结合公路自然区划数据需求对空间数据库进行了概念、逻辑、物理三个层面详细设计，提出了建立对象—关系型空间数据库的实现方案，建立了属性数据和空间数据高度集成的中国公路自然区划空间数据库；利用空间数据引擎技术，实现了海量数据的存储管理；借助GIS组件功能，针对不同类型基础数据的结构特点，建立了基于栅格数据模型的单要素区划指标分析模型和基于空间变异理论的单要素区划指标分析模型，并完成了地形分析、水文分析、气候分析等区划研究基础分析工作；依据模糊集与粗糙集理论，构建了公路自然区划综合指标分析模型，完成了地表状态指数、公路工程困难度指数和河川径流强度指数等综合区划指标的分析计算工作；深入研究了公路区划专题地图要素表示方法以及制图方法；基于．NET框架和Web Service技术开发完成了中国公路自然区划网络发布信息系统。针对栅格数据模型的特点，建立了基于栅格数据模型的区划单要素指标分析模型，避免了将流域作为分析计算单元而造成的计算效率低、计算范围受限等区划指标分析方法的局限性；依据空间变异理论建立了以统计数据为分析对象的区划单要素指标分析模型，实现了对统计数据的空间量化分析，改善了以前公路区划研究过分依赖其他部门的状况；提出了基于模糊粗糙集理论的区划综合指标分析模型单要素影响系数确定方法，消除了专家打分方法对综合指标分析过程造成的主观影响；制定了适用于公路自然区划专题图编制方案，开发了基于Web Service的区划成果发布系统，为公路区划成果的发布与应用开辟了更加便利的途径。分析实例结果表明，中国公路自然区划地理信息系统的建立，为公路区划研究提供了一个系统的、集成化的空间决策支持平台，进一步提高了公路自然区划研究工作的自动化与定量化水平，增强了公路区划成果的科学性、客观性和实用性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Natural Zoning for Highways is the important basis of highway network planning and establishment of related specifications and standards. The establishment of the geographic information system of Natural Zoning for Highways (HZ-GIS) , the improvement of quantity and automation degree of Natural Zoning for Highways research and the enhancement of objectivity, scientific and accuracy of zoning result are important to the planning, construction and maintenance of road network.Base on the deep analysis of the research system, data and functional requirements of Natural Zoning for Highways research, analyzed and designed general structure and system integration development project in detail; completed the concept design, logic design and physical design of the spatial database of HZ-GIS according to the data requirement, put forward the scheme of the relation and object spatial database, realized the storage and management of massive data with the spatial data engine, aimed at structural characteristics of different basic data, established zoning index analysis model based on the raster data model and the theory of spatial variability, and completed terrain analysis, hydrological analysis and climatic analysis zoning basic analysis work; based on fuzzy clustering and rough set theory, established the analysis model of comprehensive zoning indices, and finished the analysis and calculation of the surface configuration index, difficult degree index of highway engineering and river runoff strength index, further studied the expression and drawing method of the thematic map of highway zoning, developed the zoning results publish system based on .NET framework and Web Service.Aiming at the structural characteristics of the raster data, established the zoning index analysis model of single feature based on raster data model; avoid the computing efficiency and scope limitation caused by using watershed as the calculation unit; based on the theory of spatial variability, established the zoning index analysis model of single feature to analyze the statistical data, realized the spatial quantitative analysis of the statistical data, overcome the dependence on other departments of Natural Zoning for Highways research; put forward the method to determine the influence coefficients of single elements in the analysis model of comprehensive zoning indices, eliminate the subjective effect brought about by expert estimation method used in zoning indices analysis beforetime; made the drawing scheme which was suitable for the thematic map of highway zoning, developed the zoning results publish system based on Web Service, and provided a more convenient way for publish and application of highway zoning results.The results of the analysis examples show that the establishment of HZ-GIS provides a systematic and integrated spatial decision support platform for research of. Natural Zoning for Highways, improved the automation and quantitative degree of zoning research, enhanced the objectivity, scientific and practicality of the highway zoning results.更多还原