【作者】 李瑞娥；

【导师】 谢永利；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 道路与铁道工程， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 黄土高原地区地处我国内陆腹地，横跨甘肃、陕西、山西、河南等省区，是世界最大的黄土堆积区，区内黄土厚度大、地层全、古土壤清楚，土质疏松，地形破碎、沟壑纵横、土性复杂且气候条件特殊，以其十分突出的地域特点著称于世。随着公路建设快速进入经济欠发达的西部省区，特别是黄土高原地区，公路工程建设除了要确保工程质量，降低造价，减少公路病害，还应该从可持续发展战略的角度使公路建设与黄土分布地区自然环境相协调。公路作为直接展布于不同自然地理区域环境中的人工构造物，不断受到各种自然因素的作用和影响，同时公路也会反作用于自然环境要素，特别是在生态环境相对脆弱的黄土高原地区，这种相互影响和作用就更加突出。因此揭示自然环境要素的分异规律及其与公路工程建设相互作用与影响的机理，并进行合理的分区，是公路路网规划、设计、施工、养护以及运营管理的基本依据，对黄土地区公路建设具有重要的现实意义。本文首先在对国内外有关自然地理及相关工程分区研究成果的总结和分析基础上，结合黄土高原地区公路工程建设的实际情况，确定以地表形态指数、冲刷强度指数、边坡稳定性指数、黄土湿陷特性为分区指标，来对黄土高原地区进行公路工程分区。其次，确定了各分区指标的计算要素，建立了计算公度平台和计算公式，对分区指标的计算要素进行了定量化计算，得到了冲刷强度指数、地表形态指数、边坡稳定性指数的单项分级图。黄土湿陷特性的分区是在总结和分析不同行业的湿陷性分区成果基础上，结合公路工程建设特点进行了黄土地区公路湿陷性分区。再次，在各分区指标计算和分级的基础上，依据自然区划的理论、原则和方法，参考公路工程建设的特点，对黄土地区公路工程进行了综合分区，将黄土高原地区分为3个大区，12个亚区。并得到了相应的公路工程分区图，为黄土高原地区公路工程的规划、设计和施工等提供了理论上的指导和实践中的参考。最后，在公路工程分区中将地理信息系统(GIS)技术引入其中，在整个分区过程中地理信息系统的使用使分区过程实现数字化，提高了分区的质量和精度，为分区工作做出了有益的尝试。更多还原

【Abstract】 Loess plateau locates in inland China,and distributes in Gansu,Shaanxi,Shanxi,Henanand the other provinces.It is the largest region in the world which piles up loess.The loesshas great thickness,complete loess strata and clear fossil soil in the area.Loess plateau isfamous for its obvious regional characteristics such as broken terrain,loose soil,crisscrossgullies,complicated soil properties and special climate.With highway construction rapidlyentering the economic underdeveloped regions of western provinces,especially in the loessplateau areas,not only the project quality should be ensured,the cost and highway diseasesshould be reduced,but also the coordination between the highway construction and naturalenvironment should be achieved from the aspect of the sustainable development.Withartificial works constructed in different natural environment,highways pass various naturalgeographical areas.Highways are affected by natural environment factors,at the same timethey will affect the natural environment.This interaction is more obvious in the fragileecological environment of loess plateau.The differentiation law of natural factors and internalmechanism of interaction between highway construction and natural environment factors arerevealed.And then a reasonable nature zoning is achieved.Those are the fundamental basisfor highway network planning,designing,construction,maintenance and operationmanagement.And also a reasonable nature zoning indicates practical significance forhighway construction in loess area.Firstly,summarizing and analyzing the related research results of engineering zoning athome and abroad,combining with the actual situation of highway construction in the loessarea,it is determined that surface configuration index,erosion intensity index,slopestability index and loess collapsibility should be considered when road engineering zoning iscarried out in loess plateau.Secondly,the calculation elements of zoning indexes are defined.The calculation commensurability platform and calculation formula are established.Singleclassification maps of surface configuration index,erosion intensity index,and slope stabilityindex are obtained after quantitative calculating of zoning index.Referring to thecharacteristics of highway construction,the zoning maps of loess collapsibility is drawn by analyzing and summarizing research results of different fields.Thirdly,referring to thecharacteristics of highway construction,comprehensive zoning of highway is made on thebasis of zoning index calculation and classification.The loess plateau is divided into threezones and twelve subregions,and the corresponding highway zoning maps are drawn.Thezoning conclusion will provide theoretical guidance and reference in practice for highwayplanning,designing,and constructing.At last,GIS technique is used in highway engineeringzoning.It digitalizes the whole process of engineering zoning.The quality and accuracy ofzoning is improved by using GIS,and it is a good attempt for zoning work.更多还原