【作者】 朱晓敏；

【导师】 陈彤；

【作者基本信息】 新疆农业大学 ， 农业经济管理， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 新疆是一个少数民族地区,也是经济相对落后地区,在西部大开发中,我区农村劳动妇女发挥着主力军的作用,但农村妇女的素质和发展现状不容乐观,本研究通过深刻认识和客观评价新疆农村劳动妇女的素质状况及存在的问题,提出了途径方法和政策建议,通过提高农村劳动妇女自身素质从而使其分享中国改革开放以来经济增长的成果。本研究采用实证研究与规范研究相结合、定性分析与定量分析相结合、微观分析与宏观分析相结合的方法,是较系统对新疆农村劳动妇女素质状况进行的分析研究。本文阐述了研究新疆农村劳动妇女素质问题的意义,提出了本文的特色和不足,以人口理论、性别和发展理论、人力资本理论和农业经济学理论作为整个研究工作的理论基础。通过统计数据和实证调查数据,分析了新疆农村劳动妇女的身体素质、文化教育素质和科技素质状况,由面到点,从共性中体现个性特点。本研究发现:农村劳动妇女的身体素质随着经济发展水平的提高也随之提高,但食物消费结构、食物消费水平和医疗卫生资源分配在城乡之间仍存在较大差距,各地区间发展不平衡,偏远贫困地区的妇女生殖健康状况不容乐观;在文化教育素质状况方面,女性受教育水平总体有所提高,且男女在初等教育阶段差别不大,但随着教育层次的提高,男性受教育的机会大于女性,女性受教育程度对初婚年龄、初育年龄和子女数都有程度不同的影响;在科技素质方面,农村劳动妇女科学素养明显提高,创收项目数量逐年增加,致富途径进一步拓宽,但还存在着整体科技素质跟不上经济发展速度的问题。基于以上,本文根据国内外、区内外成功经验,在保障农村妇女公平参与经济决策,逐步缩小男女在经济领域与决策的差异,缩小男女受教育差距、提高农村妇女的科学文化素质以及保障妇女身体、精神和社会适应的完全健康状态和少数民族妇女教育等方面提出了对策和建议,为进一步提升农村劳动妇女素质,促进社会主义新农村建设向政府提供理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Xinjiang is a national minority area, is also the economical relative backwardness area, in the western big development, our area rural labor women is playing the main army role, but rural women’s quality and the development present situation are unoptimistic, this research through the profound understanding and the objective evaluation Xinjiang rural labor women’s quality condition and the existence question, proposed the way method and the policy suggested that through improves own quality, thus since has enabled the rural labor women also to share China reform and open policy the economic growth achievement.This study uses empirical research and norms of combining research, qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis ,the micro and macro analysis of integration.And it is the first time that status of the quality of rural labor women in Xinjiang is proposed comprehensively and systematically.This article elaborated studies the Xinjiang rural labor women quality question the significance, proposed this article innovation and the insufficiency, by the population theory, the sex and the development theory, the human capital theory and the agricultural economics theory take the entire research work’s rationale. Through the statistical data and the real diagnosis cruising data, has analyzed the Xinjiang rural labor women’s physical quality, the culture and education quality and the technical quality condition, arrives at the spot from the surface, analogizes the individuality characteristic from the general character. This research discovered: The rural labor women’s physical quality enhances along with the economic development level also along with it enhancement, but food consumption pattern, the health resource distribution still has the big disparity between the city and rural, the interzone development is not balanced, the far away poor area’s woman reproductive health condition is unoptimistic; The culture and education quality condition aspect, the female is improved the educational level overall, and the men and women are not big in the primary education stage difference, but along with the education level’s enhancement, the male is educated the opportunity is bigger than the female, the female the education level to the newly married age, is initially nurtured the age and the children counts has the degree different influence; The technical quality aspect, the rural labor women scientific accomplishment distinct enhancement, creates income project quantity to increase year by year, the becoming rich way further expands, but also has the overall technical quality not to be able to follow the rate of economic development the question. Based on above, this article according to domestic and foreign, the area inside and outside successful experiences, is safeguarding the rural women to participate in the economic decision-making fairly, reduces the men and women gradually in the economic domain and the policy-making difference, reduced the men and women to educate the disparity, to enhance rural women’s science and culture quality as well as safeguards woman body, mental and social adaptation aspects and so on completely healthy condition proposed the countermeasure and the suggestion, thus to further promote the rural labor women quality, promoted the new rural reconstruction, the cultivation new peasant to provide the theory suggestion to the government.更多还原