【作者】 刘海平；

【导师】 李崇兴；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 语言学及应用语言学， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 本论文由六章组成。第一章首先交代语料选取原则。本文以《史记》中记载秦朝和汉代历史人物的本纪、世家、列传部分作为主要考察对象。本章还概述了学术界对于语序以及《史记》语序的研究情况。第二章讨论《史记》双宾语结构语序。从双宾语的语义角色出发，分《史记》双宾语为九类：VNP_与事NP_受事、VNP_受事NP_与事、VNP_夺事NP_受事、VNP_受事NP_夺事、VNP_使事NP_受事、VNP_受事NP_工具、VNP_受事NP_原因、VNP_受事NP_数量、VNP_受事NP_处所，讨论《史记》双宾语语序安排。第三章讨论《史记》中处所结构的语序。处所结构分为两类：“介词+L”和ΦL。“介词+L”分为“于+L”、“自+L”、“由+L”、“从+L”、“在+L”、“因+L”几种。“于+L”基本居VP后，服从“抽象原则”；“自+L”、“由+L”、“从+L”、“在+L”、“因+L”大部分居VP前，少量居VP后，“自／由／从／在／因+L”或居VP前或居VP后是由“时间顺序原则”安排的。《史记》中ΦL绝大部分居VP后，但已有少数居VP前。本章探讨了ΦL居VP前的原因，还考察了《史记》以后“介词+L”和ΦL处所结构的发展。第四章讨论《史记》数量结构的语序。数量结构分为以下几类：①“数+量+名”，其中量词可为借用量词、度量衡量词、个体量词和分体量词；②“名+数+量”，其中量词可为借用量词、度量衡量词、个体量词、集体量词和分体量词；③“名+量+数”，这种类型数量很少，其中量词为度量衡量词和分体量词；④“数+名”；⑤“名+数”。在《史记》中出现的用例数量由多至少依次为④②⑤①③。最后探讨了“数+量+名”结构的来源。第五章讨论《史记》特殊宾语语序。特殊宾语包括以下四类：①疑问代词宾语；②否定句中代词宾语；③“是／之”复指的宾语；④无形式标记的宾语。调查发现，①基本上前置，②基本上后置，③④《史记》中出现的用例不多。对于特殊宾语前置的原因，笔者也提出了自己的看法。第六章讨论《史记》“者”字结构定语语序。“者”字结构有“NP·之·VP／AP者”、“NP·VP／AP者”矛“VP／AP者·NP”，我们把“NP·之·VP／AP者”和“NP·VP／AP者”处理为中定结构，“VP／AP者NP”为定中结构。更多还原

【Abstract】 This dissertation is composed of six chapters.Chapter one explains the principle of selecting corpora firstly,it selects the Benji （本纪） and Shijia（世家） and Liezhuan （列传） in Shiji（史记） that recorded the historicalpeople of Qin Dynasty and Han Dynasty as the study corpora in this dissertation;Then itprovides an overview of the academic researches for the word order, as well as for theword order in Shiji （史记） .Chapter two discusses the word order of double object structure.Embarking from thesemantic role of double object structure,this dissertation divides double objects into ninecategories: VNP_与事 NP_受事、VNP_受事 NP_与事、VNP_夺事NP_受事、VNP_受事NP_夺事、VNP_使事NP_受事、VNP_受事 NP_工具、VNP_受事 NP_原因、VNP_受事 NP_数量、VNP_受事 NP_处所.It researches the wordorder of double object structure in Shiji （史记） .Chapter three discusses the word order of quarter structure, quarter structure isdivided into two parts: "preposition +L"andΦL."preposition +L"includes "Yu （于） +L"and "Zi （自） +L" and "You （由） +L" and "Cong （从） +L" and "Zai （在） +L" and "Yin（因）+ L" ,etc.On the whole, "Yu （于） +L" lays behind VP, it’s conditioned by the abstractprinciple;It’s another case for "Zi （自） +L" and "You （由） +L" and "Cong （从） +L" and"Zai （在）+L" and "Yin （因）+L", most of them lay before VP, the other lay behind VP, andit’s conditioned by the principle of temporal sequence.Most examples ofΦL in Shiji （史记） lay behind VP,and a few lay before VP. Then,the dissertation researches the reasonwhyΦL can lay before VP, and investigates the developments of"preposition +L"andΦL.Chapter four discusses the word order of the structure composed of numeral andquantifier and noun.It’s divided into the following categories:①"numeral+quantifier+noun",the quantifiers include the borrowing quantifier and the weight and measurequantifier and the individual quantifier and the split quantifier;②"noun+numeral+ quantifier", the quantifiers include the borrowing quantifier and the weight and measurequantifier and the individual quantifier and the split quantifier and the collectivequantifier;③"noun+numeral+quantifier", this type is small, the quantifiers include theweight and measure quantifier and the split quantifier;④"numeral+noun";⑤"noun+numeral". Followed by the quantity from most to least, the sequence of thisstructure is④②⑤①③.Then this dissertation studies the resource of "numeral+quantifier+noun".Chapter five discusses the word order of Special objects, special objects include thefollowing four categories:①question pronoun objects;②pronoun objects in negativesentence;③resumptive objects by Shi （是）and Zhi （之）;④objects without formal marks.Through investigation, We discover the first prepositioned basically, the secondpostpositioned basically, there are few examples for the third and the fourth.Regarding thereason why could special objects preposition, the author also proposes his own view.Chapter six discusses the word order of the attribute structure composed of "VP者"or"AP者".This structure includes "NP·之·VP/AP者" and "NP·VP/AP者" and "VP/AP者·NP",We treat "NP·之·VP/AP者" and "NP·VP/AP者" as central-attribute structure,treat "VP/AP者·NP" as attribute-central structure.更多还原