【作者】 王珺红；

【导师】 孙英兰；

【作者基本信息】 中国海洋大学 ， 环境规划与管理， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 研究本着下列目标展开。(1)尝试通过建立研究中国环保产业投融资机制及其效应的框架和体系来检视和评价中国现行环保产业投融资机制的状况。(2)通过对比分析国际先进环保产业投融资的实证案例，总结归纳可以为中国环保产业所用的先进经验。(3)通过对中国环保产业现行投融资机制及效应的分析、评价和计量检验，挖掘中国环保产业投融资机制的问题及其成因。并对其主要影响因素进行相关性分析。(4)论证提高中国环保产业投融资机制运行效率，改善其运行效果，拓宽其渠道，从而促进我国环保产业发展的具体建议和措施。研究过程中采用了实证分析和规范分析相结合、比较分析和归纳分析相结合、总体分析和个案分析相结合、定性分析和定量分析相结合的方法。所获取的研究结论及核心观点包括以下几个方面。(1)要研究环保产业投融资机制，关键是要针对环保产业的性质、特点和发展状况来“量身定做”一个与其相适应的投融资机制。这样就必须先廓清环保产业的内涵和外延、其发展运行的特征，并对其进行经济分析。此后，再分析论证投融资机制与环保产业发展的互动关系和相互作用机理。以此为基础，进一步研究国际先进环保产业投融资机制与政策，最后检视和评价中国现行的环保产业投融资机制的状况，给出对此状况有针对性的解决方案。(2)在中国，“环保产业”可以理解为“环境保护事业”产业化的结果。环保产业投融资机制为环保产业发展提供资金支持，而环保产业的发展又使其投融资机制的创新和完善有了现实必要性。中国现行环保产业的投融资机制由于自身体制的因素，难以满足环保产业发展对资金的需求，严重制约着环保产业的可持续发展。(3)以日本、美国、欧盟为例的国际环保产业投融资机制与政策告诉我们：投资主体多元化，注重发挥政府在环保产业发展中的系统性主导作用，注重运用市场机制积极引导企业和金融机构参与，明确各相关主体的投资事权，投资力度大，投资方式多样化，适时开征环境税等新税种，发挥环境立法在投融资机制中的保障作用，加强环保国际合作，注重提高社会公众参与程度等等是中国环保产业投融资机制改革值得借鉴的经验。(4)对中国现行环保投融资机制及其效应进行的实证分析及计量检验表明：现行环保产业投融资机制存在很多问题，这些问题的成因多种多样。在诸多影响因素中，加大环保投资总量，提高环保投资的运行效率以及优化环保投资结构将会促进中国环保产业的发展。GDP总量的增长、投资效率的提高等促进因素的加强，对环保产业的发展至关重要。由于投资结构不合理所致的阻碍因素，更值得关注并加以完善，这样才能够保证环保产业的不断推进和永续发展。(5)完善投融资机制促进中国环保产业发展是一项系统性的综合工程。详细分析我国具体国情和所处的发展阶段，包括社会、经济、金融在内的各项综合改革的进程，立体透视环保产业的本质特征、地位及其发展运行特点是寻求解决方案的基础性工作。在发挥政府的系统性主导作用的同时，实现其与市场资源配置功能的有效对接，将财政机制与金融机制进行有机融合是完善现行环保产业投融资机制的核心内容。而中国环保产业投融资机制实现推陈出新的具体措施则包括：积极建设环境保护财政体系，拓宽资本市场融资渠道，灵活运用环境经济手段，稳步推进项目融资，创新其他投融资方式。更多还原

【Abstract】 This research attempts to achieve the following goals.(1) To explore aframework and a system to observe and evaluate the investment & financingmechanism of China’s environmental protection industry.(2) To summarize helpfulmeasures and actions through comparisons and empirical analysis on internationaladvanced environmental protection industries.(3) To search out the problems andtheir roots by analyzing,evaluating and econometric verifying the present investment& financing mechanism and effects of China’s environmental protection industry.(4)To demonstrate the solutions and measures on how to enhance the operatingefficiency,to improve the operating effects and to expand the channels of China’senvironmental protection industry’s investment & financing mechanism,so as toaccelerate the development of China’s environmental protection industry.By the process of empirical analysis and normative analysis,comparison andinduction,overall analysis and case analysis,qualitative analysis and quantitativeanalysis,conclusions are reached in this research.(1) The key point to examine and improve the investment & financingmechanism of an environmental protection industry is to design a“tailor-made”investment & financing mechanism suitable for the industry.Thus this research mustdefine the“environmental protection industry”,describe the features of its operationand make economic analysis on it before observing the interaction mechanismbetween the investment & financing mechanism and the development of anenvironmental protection industry.On this basis,this thesis studies the investment &financing mechanism of the international advanced environmental protectionindustries.The last and the most important part of the thesis is to review and evaluatethe present investment & financing mechanism of China’s environmental protectionindustry and to offer targeted suggestions and the solutions to cure the problems andimprove the situations. (2) In China,“the environmental protection industry”can be interpreted as“theindustrialization result of environmental protection conducted originally by thegovernment”.The investment & financing mechanism provides capital and funds forenvironmental protection industry,while the development of environmental protectionindustry,in its turn,makes it necessary and vital to improve investment & financingmechanism.China’s current investment & financing mechanism of environmentalprotection industry cannot meet the requirements of capital and funds,and so restrictsthe development of environmental protection industry.(3) The international advanced environmental protection industries,such asJapan’s,America’s,European Union’s,build up good examples for China:diversifying the investors,exerting the systematic leading function of the government,taking advantage of the market system to encourage the firms or financial institutionsto invest in environmental protection industry,making clear the responsibilities andobligations of the investors,enhancing the environmental investment,diversifying theinvestment models,putting new environmental taxes into practice,and so on.(4) As to the current investment & financing mechanism and its effects,thereexist many deep-seated problems.Increasing the environmental investments,heightening the operating efficiency and improving the environmental investmentstructure will accelerate the development of China’s environmental protectionindustry.The increase of GDP and the heightening of investment efficiency arepositive factors and vital to the development of China’s environmental protectionindustry.Moreover,the negative factors,like the unreasonable investment structure,calls for the attention and the improvement so as to ensure an ever-lastingdevelopment of environmental protection industry.(5) To improve the investment & financing mechanism and to develop theenvironmental protection industry are a systematic and comprehensive project.Thisresearch suggests that policy makers should take into consideration China’s specificnational conditions,stage of development and the comprehensive reform process,inclusive of social,economic and financial reforms.They also should pay closeattention to the essential characteristics,the status and the operational features of the environmental industry.On this premise,they can first make an effective andcompatible connection of government’s systematic and leading function withresources allocation function of the market,then fuse the fiscal mechanism andfinancial mechanism.The possible solutions to getting rid of the state and bringingforth the fresh to investment & financing mechanism of China’s environmentalprotection industry includes:constructing an environmental fiscal system,expandingthe financing channels in the capital market,taking advantage of environnent andeconomic means,steadily developing project financing mechanism,creating otherinnovative financing methods and so on.更多还原