【作者】 高建华；

【导师】 赵沛林；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 中国现代文学， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 亚历山大·伊万诺维奇·库普林(1870-1938)是俄罗斯十九世纪末二十世纪初著名的现实主义作家，是一位具有世界意义的文学艺术大师。他在继承俄罗斯十九世纪现实主义的优良传统的同时，在小说创作上又有一些大胆的创新。除了长篇小说《决斗》和《亚玛镇》，其创作大多是中短篇小说。库普林浪迹俄罗斯大地，亲身体会社会生活，底层人的生活和命运是库普林不竭的创作源泉。库普林对底层“小人物”的关注，对社会黑暗面尤其是对军队内部黑暗面的揭露，显示了其作品深刻的批判力度。库普林的创作题材广泛，小说创作的主题丰富多样，涉及社会生活的方方面面，同伊凡·蒲宁、安德列耶夫等人一起，成为新一代批判现实主义作家的优秀代表，在世纪之交把短篇小说艺术推向了一个新的高度。库普林小说是内容与形式的完美结合，在美学风格上独树一帜，为中短篇小说的发展做出了巨大贡献。库普林的小说思想及艺术研究至今仍然是一个未及深究的课题。这一课题的研究目的在于全面客观地把握作家的创作个性和深刻挖掘小说文本的思想及艺术内涵。本论文试图以解读库普林小说文本为前提，结合作家本人坎坷的人生经历，挖掘库普林小说创作的精神本质及作家表现这些本质的诗学手段，以及库普林小说在中国现代文学史上主要是“五四”时期的接受和影响状况，从而对库普林小说的思想和艺术进行新的阐释，以推动库普林小说研究的发展。本论文主要分为五个部分，包括引论、正文三章和结论。在引论部分，首先简要回顾库普林生活和创作年代即十九世纪末二十世纪初俄罗斯的社会文化环境，指出作为现实主义流派的库普林小说在世纪之交所获得的新的质素和审美品格，阐明库普林文学创作道路选择的必然性，并总结库普林作为新一代现实主义作家对俄罗斯十九世纪传统现实主义文学的继承和在世纪之交新形势下对传统现实主义的超越和深化。总结库普林小说在中外的研究状况，包括其在中国的译介情况，并归纳库普林小说研究目前存在的不足和缺欠，提出本论文选题的依据和研究设想，由此确定本选题的必要性和迫切性，即该论文的价值和意义。第一章“存在与选择：有关俄罗斯现实的艺术观照”旨在根据库普林小说中所包含的“存在与选择”主题的思考和内涵，解析库普林小说对“人与自然”、“人与社会”、“人与人”、“人与上帝”等一系列问题的追问和探寻，其中也包含库普林小说对“人与自我”问题的关注和探讨。第二章“结构与层次：叙述主体和叙事方式”将从库普林小说的叙事人称、叙事视角、叙事时间和叙事空间等方面梳理和总结库普林小说的叙事特征，探讨和分析库普林小说中的情节小说、情境小说和生活流小说的特点，并依据巴赫金的小说狂欢化和复调理论探讨库普林小说的狂欢化和复调特征。第三章“接受与影响：库普林小说在中国”归纳和总结中国现代文学主要是“五四”时期文学对库普林小说的接受情况，主要从库普林小说同“五四”时期人道主义小说、小说情节的淡化、自叙传小说、抒情小说这几个方面的关系来探讨库普林小说对中国现代文学主要是“五四”时期文学的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Alexander(Ivanovich)Kyprin, a Russian realistic writer,is memorized as distinguishedartist in early twentieth century. By inheriting the tradition of Russian realistic literature,Kyprin is bold to put forth new ideas in his novel writings. Besides the two long novels TheDuel and Yama, most of his other works are short stories. Kyprin traveled throughout Russiafamiliarizing himself with the reality of the society, and the life stories from low incomes arethe inexhaustible source for Kyprin’s writing. Kuprin’s writing concerns mainly people of thesocial bottom. which exposed the darkness of the reality, especially the reality inside themilitary army. Sharp criticism is shown in his works. His works cover a wide variety ofsubjects and themes. He is one of the representative most outstanding of the critical realism ofthe newly rising generation, along with Ivan Bunin, Andrei Sergeyev. They pushed the art ofthe short story writing to a new high level at the turning point of the century.Kyprin’s novels are the perfect. integration of content and form of Russian literature. Hedeveloped his own aesthetic style and made significant contributions to the development ofthe novelettes and short stories. Research on the philosophy and art of Kuprin’s worksrequires further study in order to grasp the writer’s creative and profound ideas. This paperwill try to reveal the fundamental characteristics of Kyprin’s fictions. It will be achieved bydiscussing the perspective of poetic expression in the writings, also by analyzing the impactof the situation in“Wusi”period of the modern Chinese literature history. The paper will tryto interpret the idea and artistic skills of Kuprin’s novels to promote research on Kuprin’snovels.This paper includes five chapters: the introduction chapter, three body chapters and theconclusion chapter.The introduction will give a brief review on the cultural environment of the societyduring the last decades of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth century inRussia, which is the period when Kuprin made his life and created his works. The paper willillustrate that as a novelist. Kuprin, belongs to the realist. He acquired a new quality andaesthetic character at the turning period of the new century. The paper will also try to discoverthe inevitable result on the literature method, and try to summarize that Kuprin, as one of thenew generation of realism writers in the nineteenth century, not only inherited the realismliterary tradition of Russia, but also went beyond traditional realism and deepened it under thenew situation in the new century. The chapter will summarize the worldwide study onKuprin’novels, including translations in China. and researches with Kuprin’novels, and willconclude with existing inadequacies and shortcomings with current research areas. Thechapter will illustrate the topic, and the necessity and urgency of the research, which willemphasize the value of the paper.Chapter 1 The existence and the selection:the view on the art of the Russian realism isbased on the subject and content in Kyprin’s novels about the“existence and selection”,analytic a series of questions, such as“Man and Nature”,“Human and society”,“human andhuman”,“Man and God”,including concerns on the question of“Man and Himself”as well. Chapter 2 The structure and layers: the main way of the narrative description fromperson narrative fiction, narrative perspective, narrative space of time and narrative summaryof areas on Kyprin’s novels, such as carding and novel narrative Kuprin features. is to exploreand analyze the characteristics of the plot novels, situational novels, and life novels. on thebasis of carnival and the novel theory of polyphony of Bachtin’s to discuss the Carnivalizationcharacteristics of carnival and Polyphony in Kyprin’s novels.Chapter 3 The acceptance and influence: Kyprin’s novels in China Summarizes theinfluence of Kyprin’s fiction in period of“Wusi”of Modern Chinese Literature, mainly fromthe relationship between the Kuprin and the humanitarian novels, the dilute the novel plot,biography novels, the lyrical novels etc. to discuss the Kyprin’s novels impact on the modernChinese literature, especially in“Wusi”period.更多还原