唐宋之际“吴家样”传承研究

【作者】 徐涛；

【导师】 金维诺；

【作者基本信息】 中央美术学院 ， 美术学， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 唐代绘画艺术曾对后世产生过深远的影响,吴道子创造的“吴家样”是其中的重要代表,唐宋之际则是吴家样传承的一个重要环节。本文以唐宋之际吴家样的传播形式为个案,尝试分析这种经典样式的传承规律。本文分为文献考察和图像分析两个部分。在文献考察部分,作者对吴家样的形成及毁坏,唐宋时期吴家样学习者的状况,流传至宋代传为吴道子所绘寺观壁画的史料进行了整理和考察。图像分析部分则以唐代石椁线刻画,唐宋至元明时期天王图像,宋至清代的孔子画像为对象,来考察吴家样的演变及传播规律。综合上述研究,得出了如下认识:1、吴家样是一个集合的概念,是以吴道子首创,历史时期不同画家工匠共同参与创造的结果。宋代的吴家样形象,是宋人对盛唐艺术的追摹与认同。2、唐宋之际吴家样传承了兴废经历了“形成”、“毁灭”、“重兴”和“潜行”四个阶段,而北宋以来艺术意趣的转变,文人画的兴起,最终造成吴家样渐与主流的画风分离,而仅存在于民间寺观壁画之中。3、在传承过程中,画家及工匠在遵循样式的基本规范前提下,对细节进行了多方面的增添和转换。这样,吴家样的图像在保持部分唐代特征的前提下,通过各种介质(卷轴画、壁画、石刻线画、版画等)实现了传播。更多还原

【Abstract】 The painting art in Tang Dynasty has great influence on the following artistic production, and "Wu Style" is one of the most important representatives. Tang and Song Dynasties are key periods for the descent of "Wu Style". This article aims at the transmitting of Wu Style in the period of Tang and Song Dynasties to analyze the descent rules of this classical style.This article is divided into two parts including literature review and image analysis. The literature review part includes the sorting and reviewing on the formation and destruction of Wu Style, the learners of Wu Style in Tang and Song Dynasties, the mural paintings in Song Dynasty under Wu, Dao Zi. The image analysis part focuses on engraving paintings on stone coffins in Tang Dynasty, portraits of Lokapala in Tang, Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, and the images of Confucius from Song to Qing Dynasty, to study the evolution and transmission of Wu Style. Based on the research, conclusion can be drawn as:1. The Wu Style is a collective concept which was created by Wu, Dao Zi and contributed by many painters and craftsmen through different dynasties. The formation of Wu Style images in Song Dynasty is the result of imitation and recognition of Tang art by contemporaries.2. The descent of Wu Style has gone through "formation", "deterioration", "reborn" and "marginalization". The transition of artistic taste since North Song Dynasty and the rise of elite art finally separated the Wu Style with the mainstream paintings, and Wu Style exists exclusively in the form of folk temple murals.3. During the period of descent, painters and craftsmen added and changed details in many aspects while following the basic stylistic principles. Wu Style images thus realized transmission through various media (scroll paintings, murals, engravings and prints) without losing necessary characteristics of Tang Dynasty.更多还原