国际合作中贸易与环境的协调研究

【作者】 张天桂；

【导师】 张幼文；

【作者基本信息】 上海社会科学院 ， 世界经济， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 全球性多边贸易体制和区域经济一体化组织并行不悖、贸易自由化与环境保护相互协调,是当今世界经济贸易发展更为全面而真实的写照。中国经济的可持续发展同样无法回避区域经济一体化、贸易与环境相互协调的时代主题。正是在经济全球化浪潮中,中国的对外开放日益扩大和深化,中国经济的发展进程越来越深地与世界经济相融合:一方面,粗放型的经济和贸易增长方式使中国经济的崛起付出了高昂的生态代价,不可避免地面临着巨大的环境压力;另一方面,更加广泛地发展与世界尤其是地区各国的经贸合作,积极实施自由贸易区战略成为中国加入WTO后谋求自身更好更快发展的必然选择。如何既实现贸易自由化,又促进环境保护,对中国构建和谐社会、确保经济可持续发展具有极为广泛而深远的意义。本文分七章对国际合作中贸易与环境的协调进行系统研究,审视并探究通过国际合作协调贸易与环境的现实途径,借鉴区域经济一体化先行者协调贸易与环境的成功经验,从中国自由贸易区战略的实施出发,为中国通过国际合作促进贸易与环境的协调提出相应的对策建议。第一章导论,概述研究背景与意义、研究框架与方法、研究特色与创新。第二章研究综述,阐明贸易自由化的环境效应和环境规制的贸易影响。第三章探讨协调贸易与环境的理论基础和现实途径。第四章通过对中国贸易自由化的环境效应和环境规制的贸易影响的实证分析,表明中国所面临的贸易与环境问题。第五章全面分析中国协调对外贸易与环境保护的现实进程,阐明中国在加强自身建设,苦练内功、夯实基础,通过国际环境合作协调贸易与环境的同时,还应在自由贸易区战略的全面推进过程中,以“可持续发展”重大战略为基础,注重环境保护和贸易与环境的协调,通过国际贸易合作促进贸易自由化和环境保护。第六章选取中国-东盟自由贸易区进行区域合作中贸易与环境的个案分析。第七章总结,从实施自由贸易区战略出发,为中国通过国际合作促进对外贸易与环境保护的协调提出相应的对策建议。本文着重强调:(1)就国际合作而言,在现实条件下纳入环境合作的区域经济一体化是通过合作协调贸易与环境相对有效的重要途径;(2)自由贸易区战略的全面实施,在中国积极通过内部努力和国际环境合作及WTO协调贸易与环境之外,开辟了另一重要的必须加以注意的协调平台;在自由贸易区战略的全面推进过程中,应注重环境保护和贸易与环境的协调,通过区域贸易合作促进贸易自由化和环境保护。(3)应正视中国-东盟自由贸易区现实及潜在的环境风险,适时将环境合作纳入组织框架,通过贸易与环境的协调促进自由贸易区建设;“10+3”经济一体化有助于中国与东盟贸易与环境的协调,区域环境合作有可能作为“议题关联”推动“10+3”经济一体化的构建。更多还原

【Abstract】 Global multilateral trading system and regional economic integration organizations running parallel, and the coordination of trade and environment, are the more comprehensive and realistic portrayal of the present world economic and trade development. China’s economic sustainable development also cannot avoid the subject of the times that regional economic integration, and the coordination of trade and environment. Just in the tide of economic globalization, China open wider and deeper to the outside world, the course of China’s economic development is becoming more integrated with the world economy. On the one hand, extensive pattern of economic and trading growth make China pay high ecological prices for its economic rise, and face tremendous environmental pressure. On the other hand, developing extensively the economic and trade cooperation with the world especially with regional countries, and positive implementation of the strategy of free trade zones, which become the inevitable choice after China’s entry of WTO. How to achieve trade liberalization and environmental protection simultaneously has extensive and profound significance for China’s building of a harmonious society and ensuring economy sustainable development. The dissertation is arranged for seven chapters to research on harmonizing trade with environment in international cooperation, probe into the realistic path through international cooperation to harmonizing trade with environment, and using the successful experience of advanced regional economic integration organizations for reference, put forward countermeasures and suggestions for China to promote foreign trade and environmental protection through international cooperation that proceed from carrying out the strategy of free trade zones.Chapter 1 is the introduction. It outlines the background and significance, framework and methodology, and characteristics and innovation of the research.Chapter 2 is the literature review of trade and environment. It clarifies the environmental effect of trade liberalization and trading influence of environmental regulations. Chapter 3 discusses the theoretical basis of and realistic path to harmonizing trade with environment. Chapter 4 discloses the problems of trade and environment that China is now faced through the empirical analysis of environmental effect of China’s trade liberalization and trading influence of China’s environmental regulations. Chapter 5 analyses the practical course of the coordinated development of China’s foreign trade and environmental protection, and makes it clear that while through practice hard to benefit the internal organs and international environmental cooperation to harmonizing trade with environment, the implementation of China’s strategy of free trade zones should base on the strategy of sustainable development, and pay attention to the environmental protection and harmonizing trade with environment, promote trade liberalization and environmental protection simultaneously through international cooperation. Chapter 6 chooses CAFTA as an example to analyze the problem of trade and environment in regional cooperation. Chapters 7 is conclusion, and proceed from carrying out the strategy of free trade zones, put forward countermeasures and suggestions for China to promote the coordination of foreign trade and environmental protection through international cooperation. What the dissertation emphasizes are as follows: (1) In the light of international cooperation, regional economic integration that includes environmental cooperation is the relatively effective important path to promote the coordination of trade and environment through cooperation under realistic conditions. (2) In addition to the internal efforts, international environmental cooperation and WTO, the overall implementation of the strategy of free trade zones opens a important platform that should be paid attention to for harmonizing trade with environment; during the implementation of China’s strategy of free trade zones, should pay attention to the environmental protection and harmonizing trade with environment, promote trade liberalization and environmental protection simultaneously through international trade cooperation. (3) Pay attention to the realistic and potential environmental risks of CAFTA, bring environmental cooperation into CAFTA’s organizational framework, and promote the construction of FTA through the coordination of trade and environment;“10+3”economic integration conduces to the coordination of China and ASEAN’s trade and environment, the regional environmental cooperation has the probability as issue linkage to promote the construction of“10+3”economic integration through its institutionalized arrangements.更多还原