东亚语言复合元音的类型及渊源

【作者】 田阡子；

【导师】 江荻；

【作者基本信息】 中国社会科学院研究生院 ， 中国少数民族语言文学， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 东亚的语言和方言可以划分成藏缅语群、侗台语群、苗瑶语群、南亚语群、汉语群和南岛语群六个语群，每个语群又可以划分成不同的次语群。本文在东亚六个语群684个语言和方言的范围之内，利用数据库技术和专家学者田野调查获得的资料，对复合元音的概念、性质、分类、语言类型、历史形成原因及历史形成类型进行综合性研究，充分描写复合元音在共时层面的语言共性及语言差异，深入挖掘语言类型特征，讨论复合元音形成及演化的几种途径，归纳复合元音在东亚各个语群的历史形成类型，并寻找语言的共时类型和历史发生类型之间的内在联系。全文共分成七章：第一章是绪论部分，重点对前人关于复合元音的研究成果进行综述，并针对前人研究中存在的某些问题提出本文的研究设想。第二章重点讨论复合元音的基本原理，包括复合元音的概念，性质和分类。第三章重点讨论三组前滑复合元音／ua／、／ia／和／ui／在东亚各个语群中的语言分布差异及共性特征，划分语言类型。第四章重点讨论三组后滑复合元音／au／、／ai／和／iu／在东亚各个语群的语言分布差异及共性特征，划分语言类型，并从地理分布的角度解释语言类型形成的外部机制。第五章重点讨论复合元音的历史形成和演化的基本途径。第六章重点讨论复合元音在东亚六个语群里的历史形成和演化的基本类型。第七章是结语，总结全文的研究结论，创新和存在的不足，并对研究过程中发现的新问题提出在未来进一步深入探索的预期设想。本文立足于共时和历时相结合，宏观和微观相结合，语音学和音系学相结合，定性研究和定量研究相结合的研究方法，寄希望于在未来的时间里采用更好的方法来解决研究中发现的某些问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 East Asian languages and dialects are divided into Tibetan-Burmese languages groups, Dong-Tai languages groups, Miao-Yao languages groups, Austronesian languages groups, Austroasiatic languages groups and Chinese languages groups. Every group is composed of different subgroups, and every subgroup is composed of different languages and different dialects, which constructs a hierarchy. This article analyzes the concept, nature, classification, typology and historical evolution of diphthong within the scope of East Asian languages groups which produce six hundred and eighty four languages and dialects. We made a diphthong database on the basis of the languages hierarchy to classify and make some statistics as well as gathering a large of field survey materials for this research. This artical aims to classify the diphthong and make some language feature typologies and historical evolution typologies.This artical is divided into seven chapters: the first chapter is an introduction, mainly summarizes some disputes which the scholars have not settled in their thesis or workers, and design this artical’s research organization. The second chapter mainly discusses the diphthong’s fundamentals, including the diphthong’s concept, the quality and its classification. The third chapter mainly discusses the off-glide diphthong’s languages feature typologies on /ua//ia//ui/ . The forth chapter mainly discusses the on-glide diphthong’s languages feature typologies on /au//ai//iu/. The fifth chapter discusses the different historical origin of the diphthong in East Asia. The sixth chapter further discusses the six East Asian languages groups. The seventh chapter mainly draw a conclusion for all of the research, including some important viewpoints, the new ideas and the deficiencies, at the same time we discuss some issues which should be researched in the future.This dissertation adopts an approach of positivism and integrates the synchronic and diachronic, the phonetics and phonology as well as qualitative and quantitative so as to observe, analyze and describe the diphthong in a vision of historical typology.更多还原