【作者】 王玉丰；

【导师】 刘献君；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 高等教育学， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 自1998年以来,我国有一大批专科院校经合并、重组、转制等方式升格为本科院校,它们因组建时间尚短,通常被称为“新建本科院校”。客观地讲,这类院校虽然形式上已是本科院校,但实质上仍然没有达到本科院校的内在要求,正处于由层次转型向内涵转型的过渡时期,因此,如何真正实现从形式到实质的转型就成为新建本科院校发展进程中一个亟待解决的问题。本研究正是建立在求解“新建本科院校转型发展”问题的基点上,以这类院校转型发展为研究的主线,遵循“一般→个别,静态→动态”的研究进路,从新建本科院校的现实图景切入,将实地研究的结论作为理论研究的依据,并力图在自组织理论的分析框架内,全面而深入地解析影响学校转型发展的相关变量,系统而客观地揭示新建本科院校转型发展的内在逻辑,理性而前瞻地探寻这类院校转型发展的目标趋向,以期为这类院校的转型发展提供切实的理论指导。论文的第一部分以现实图景为立论前提,按照由面到点的研究思路,对新建本科院校转型发展予以全面检视。首先,从“面”上着眼,通过对新建本科院校兴起及其成因的深刻剖析,指出这类院校的形成是历史与现实共同形塑的结果;同时,通过对新建本科院校“追赶式”发展的现实描摹以及内外部困境的立体解读,指出实施转型发展是新建本科院校摆脱当前困境、实现良性运行的理性选择。其次,从“点”上入手,分别选取三所不同类别的新建本科院校作为案例进行深度的实地研究,通过对这些院校发展过程的全景式描述,客观地展示出它们转型发展的真实状况,进一步证明了新建本科院校只有谋求常规突破,实施转型发展,才能化解前进中的危机,从而达到自身发展的最佳状态。论文的第二部分以自组织理论为分析框架,分别从静态和动态两个维度对新建本科院校的转型发展给予理论探讨。首先,从静态层面对影响新建本科院校转型发展的因素进行全面检索,并过滤出三个一级变量及其相应的二级变量,通过对这些变量的深刻解析,指出各变量对新建本科院校转型发展的影响力度具有非均衡性。其中,外源变量是转型发展的客观条件,起辅助性作用;内源变量是转型发展的现实依据,起主导性作用;而支配变量则是转型发展的内在基核,起决定性作用。其次,从动态层面深入探究新建本科院校转型发展的内部作用机制,揭示出这类院校转型发展的动力学机制、路径实现机制以及逻辑演进机制;同时指出各变量间竞争与协同的非线性作用是新建本科院校转型发展的基本动力,分叉与选择是新建本科院校转型发展的实现路径,渐进式发展与跃进式发展是新建本科院校转型发展的两种主要演进方式。论文的第三部分以上述实践考察与理论分析的研究结果为依据,在对新建本科院校转型跃迁态势全面把握的基础上,刻画出这类院校必然要从当前状态向更高一级的渐近稳定定态跃迁的转型趋势。同时,通过对我国目前高校分类的全面检视和理性审思,指出高校分类中存在的事实缺陷是导致新建本科院校盲目发展的主要诱因,并从新建本科院校实践的层面论证了教学服务型大学是这类院校转型发展的客观目标与现实归宿。论文的最后,对整个研究给予全面总结,并归纳出以下主要结论:第一,新建本科院校是顺应时代发展的产物,它们当前所面临的诸多困难与问题,都是学校快速发展过程中必然要遇到的,这类院校只有充分发挥自身优势,实施转型发展,才能摆脱现实困境,实现学校的良性运行。第二,新建本科院校转型发展并非率性而为、漫无目标地随意转变,其转型具有明确的指向性,其间体现了这类院校的价值取向与理想追求,是一种基于内外部因素综合作用的客观结果。第三,教学服务型大学是新建本科院校转型发展的阶段性目标趋向,“战略—组织—制度”三位一体构建模式是这类院校转型发展得以实现的主要行动策略。更多还原

【Abstract】 There are a large number of specialist schools changed into undergraduate institutions by merger and reorganization since 1998. Because of their short history, they are usually called as "new undergraduate institutions." Objectively speaking, the form of such institutions is already undergraduate institution, however, they still do not really achieve the requirements of the undergraduate institution. They are in transitional period changing from level transition to the content transition. So it is an urgent problem of new undergraduate institutions how to change formal transition to essential transition.The research is built on a basic point that "development of new undergraduate institutions in transition", in order to provide practical theory to these institutions, the research takes the transformation development as the main line. In accordance with the approaches "general -- individual, static-- dynamic". It takes the theoretical research according to the practice interview from the reality of the new institutions. It also attempts to make a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of related variables which affect the institution’s transition within the self-organization theoretical framework, and reveal the inherent developmental logic of undergraduate institutions in transition.The first part of the dissertation is in the full view of the development of new undergraduate institutions in transition, taking the argument as precondition and according to the study thinking from surface to point. First, it gives a profound analysis on the causes of emergence of the new undergraduate institutions from the overall perspective, and points out that such institutions are the results of history and practice. At the same time, it mentions that transition development is the rational choice for the new undergraduate institution to rid of its present difficulties and realize the healthy operation through describing the actuality of the new undergraduate institutions which were "catch up" development and its internal and external difficulty. Second, the study begins with the cases, selecting three different types of new undergraduate institutions as cases to make depth field research. It shows their true transition development by describing the panoramic description. And it proves that the new undergraduate institutions only for the routine breakthrough, achieving transition development to defuse the crisis in advance, to the best state of their own development.The second part of the dissertation takes the self-organization theory as the analytical framework, and discusses on the transition development of new undergraduate institutions from both static and dynamic dimension. First of all, it filters out three one--stair variables from the comprehensive search of the factors that affect the transition development of new undergraduate institutions in static level. It points out that the impact of each variable is non--balanced, the exogenous variables playing complementary role is the objective conditions in the transition development, the endogenous variable playing a leading role is the real basis for the transition development, the dominant variable is the internal restructuring of transition development by overall analysis each variable and its subordinate two variables. Second, it explores the internal and regularity mechanism of the new undergraduate institutions in dynamic level. It reveals the relationship and the essence of interaction among the variables, and points out that basic driving force in transition development is the competition among the various variables and their nonlinear synergies. It also mentions that bifurcation and restructuring choice is the path of the transition development, and the gradual transition and bound transition are the two main ways of the transition development.The third part of the dissertation analyzes the aim trend of new undergraduate institution according to the practice review and theory analysis result. It mentions that the reasonable aim of the new undergraduate institution is to be the teaching and service oriented university with Chinese characteristic. And the basic strategy is stratagem programming, organize change and system innovation.The main conclusion of the dissertation:(1)New undergraduate institution is the production of acclimation the times development. The difficulty which they faced is companion during its development. These institutions must exert their predominance and actualize transformation, if they want to get rid of scrape, and realize their value.(2)New undergraduate institution’s transition has certain direction rather than driftlessness which embodies its value tropism and ideal pursuing. It is an integration functioned by the factors both inside and outside.(3) It is the aim of new undergraduate institution to be the teach-servicing university with Chinese characteristic. And the main action strategy is the trinity model of“stratagem—organization—system”.更多还原