【作者】 梁爱华；

【导师】 沈红；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 教育经济与管理， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 贷款回收难是国家助学贷款面临的突出问题,除去借款人的还款能力外,主要是贷款风险难以控制。作为信用贷款,国家助学贷款不能利用担保措施来防范风险。我国社会信用体系基础十分薄弱,不能发挥应有的作用。这样,贷款的回收任务都留给了回收机构,回收的结果完全取决于回收机构的业务能力。回收机构是解决贷款回收难的关键。考虑到现有回收机构面临的困境,本文尝试探讨中国社会保险机构回收国家助学贷款的可行性。首先,对发展中国家回收学生贷款典型案例进行研究。在此基础上,对回收机构有效回收学生贷款应具备的基本条件进行了总结和论证。本文认为,回收机构有效回收学生贷款需要满足的基本条件是,健全的组织结构、完备的管理信息系统、有效的风险控制和员工的协作进取以及政府的支持。这里“有效回收”指在规定期限内借款人有能力偿还的贷款都能回收上来。然后,结合条件对中国社会保险(障)的现状和发展趋势进行了分析与归纳。本文认为,我国劳动和社会保障的组织结构和业务网络比较健全;金保工程进展比较顺利,管理信息系统已具雏形,但仍处在进一步建设和完善中;随着社会保险覆盖面的扩大、《劳动合同法》的实施和人力资源和社会保障部的组建,确定还款人的身份、就业状态和收入将不再是困扰学生贷款有效回收的瓶颈。隐性担保是可行的,它能有效地清收拖欠的贷款。社会保险机构控制风险的能力正在增强,但严重依赖于该系统对人力资源与社会保障信息的拥有与覆盖的程度;由于我国社会保险事业起步晚,法律法规不健全,而规模膨胀得过于迅速,有效的运作机制和管理规范尚待进一步形成,服务水平有待提高。基于以上分析,本文认为,我国目前的社会保险机构初步具备了有效回收学生贷款的基本条件,但离高标准的要求尚有一定差距。随着市场经济的深入和党对社会保障事业认识的不断深化,我国社会保障事业正朝着有利于社会保险系统成为学生贷款回收机构的方向发展,预计“十二五”末期我国社会保险机构作为学生贷款回收机构的条件将会更加成熟。更多还原

【Abstract】 Difficulty in loan recovery composes the prominent issue of National Student Loan in China, aside from the repayment capability of borrowers, mostly in that loan risk is hard to control. As a kind of credit loan, National Student Loan obviously can’t utilize guarantee measures to prevent risk. The foundation of social credit system in our country is quite weak, which couldn’t exert its inward effect. In this way, the task of loan recovery all remains to the recovery institution, and the result rests with the operation ability of recovery institution absolutely.Institution is the key to solve the difficulty in loan recovery. Considering the corner faced by recovery institution in existence, the dissertation attempts to probe into the feasibility of recovering National Student Loan by social insurance institution of China. For that, the dissertation firstly studies on the typical cases of recovering student loans in developing countries. On these bases, the dissertation carries through summarization and demonstration to the postulate that should be necessarily contented in recovering student loan by institution. The dissertation reckons that the postulate of recovery institution should include wholesome organizational structure, self-contained management information system, effective risk control, collaboration and enterprising of the staff as well as the support of government. Over here, effective recovery indicates that the loans could be recovered from the borrowers who have capabilities to repay the loan under regulated term.Afterwards, the dissertation carries through analyses and conclusions to the actuality and developmental trend of Chinese social insurance combined with conditions. The dissertation reckons that organizational structure and operational network of labor and social insurance in our country have comparatively been wholesome. Gold Insurance Project has progressed all right, and the management information system has taken on rudiment, but still needs further construction and perfection. Along with the coverage extension of social insurance and the implementation on the Law of The People’s Republic of China on Employment Contracts as well as the establishment of Human Resources and Social Insurance Ministry, ascertaining the identities, employment status and income of borrowers won’t be the bottleneck that puzzles effective recovery of student loans any more. Hidden guarantee is feasible, which could effectively recover the defaulted loans. The ability of social insurance institution controlling recovery risk has been boosting up, but seriously depending on the degrees the system holds and covers the information of human resources and social insurance. Since the career of social insurance in our country gets up late, relevant laws are not consummate, and scale expands excessively rapid, which make the operational mechanism and management criterion need further perfection, and the service levels also need advancement.Grounding on upward analyses, the dissertation reckons that present social insurance system in our country has elementarily been provided with the postulate of effectively recover student loans, but still has certain disparity from high standard. As the penetration of market economy and gradual deepness of cognition in social insurance career of the party, social insurance system of our country has been developing in favorable direction to recovering student loans, and the condition will become more mature at the end of the next five years.更多还原