【作者】 钟泓；

【导师】 马钦彦； 李丰生；

【作者基本信息】 北京林业大学 ， 生态学， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 本论文基于MapGIS6.7建立漓江流域生态旅游资源开发空间数据库,使用时序分析、叠置分析、缓冲区分析、网络分析、层次分析等方法研究漓江流域生态旅游资源开发的空间结构特征和演变过程及其影响因子;通过紧密度、聚集度、连结度指数等分析流域资源的空间形态;运用引力模型等探讨空间结构演变的动力机制以及漓江流域生态旅游资源开发空间结构优化与调控。结果表明:(1)漓江流域生态旅游资源开发空间结构可分为起步期(1990年以前)、成长期(1990年-1998年)、发展期(1998年-2008年)。起步期生态旅游资源开发重点在中游桂林城区地带,新开发数量较少;成长期新开发数量点增长快,但质量低:发展期以漓江流域上游和下游生态旅游资源开发为重点,上游合计新增开发景点数量是1990年以前的10倍,下游阳朔新增景点数量是1990年的4.62倍,而中游桂林城区段呈现下降趋势,至2008年,全流域开发数量是1990年以前的1.88倍。(2)漓江流域生态旅游资源开发空间形态紧密度C=0.42、最近邻比率Rn=0.9375,表明流域生态旅游资源开发空间紧凑度较低,总体呈弱集聚分布,中上游为均匀分布(Rn=1.484)而下游呈集聚型分布(Rn=0.441);连结度β=1.592、r=0.539显示旅游资源之间连结度不高、道路通达度中等,未能形成完善的旅游交通网络;点、线缓冲分析表明,51.2%旅游资源集中在以城镇为中心的5km范围内,国道两侧2km线缓冲区旅游资源占流域总量的74.4%,桂林-阳朔段为资源密集分布区。地域结构上,漓江上游资源开发力度稍逊于下游,中游开发质量最高,其次是上游。空间结构演变过程表现出资源开发围绕城镇沿国道线两侧推进的点-轴发展为主圈层开发为辅的复合型开发格局,开发方式仍属资源依赖型,同类型资源开发竞争激烈。44个因子贡献度分析表明:影响漓江流域生态旅游资源开发空间结构的4个关键因子为:资源价值0.1185、交通位置0.1181、资源类型0.0807、资源分布0.0774。(3)资源的集聚与扩散、政策环境与产业结构调整、互利共生与竞争是漓江流域生态旅游资源开发空间结构演变的主要驱动力。根据漓江流域生态旅游资源开发的空间结构特征及演变规律和结合存在问题,构建了一个中心,两翼展开、三类保护地、四个发展轴、三个联动网的网络型优化体系。漓江流域生态旅游资源开发的空间结构特征、演变规律、驱动机制进行研究为推动我国生态旅游资源开发的空间结构演变研究向纵深方向发展奠定了基础,其空间结构演变规律的研究对我国其他生态旅游区具有较强的借鉴意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the space database of the ecotourism resources development in Lijiang Basin constructed through MapGIS6.7,the author studies the features and evolution as well as the factors affecting the spatial structure of the ecotourism resources in Lijiang Basin by means of time series analysis,overlay analysis,buffer zone analysis,network analysis and analytic hierarchy process;analyzes the spatial structure of the resources by means of indices of compactness,intensity,connectivity;and investigates the driving mechanism of the spatial structural evolution as well as the optimization and control of the development space by means of gravitation model and Lotka-volterra competition model. The results show that:(1) The spatial structure of the ecotourism resources development in Lijiang Basin can be divided into three stages,i.e.the initial period(before 1990),the growth period (1990-1998),and the development period(1998 to present).During the initial period, the development was focused on the middle-stream,and there were few spots of development.The development during the growth period became wider and faster,but low in quality.During the development period,focus has been placed on the upstream and downstream areas.The total new spots of development in the upstream area are 10 times as many as those before 1990,and the new spots in the downstream area are 4.62 times as many,while the development in the middle-stream city turns slower.Up till 2008,the total spots of development of the whole areas are 1.88 times as many as those before 1990.(2) With its compactness index of C=0.42 and minimum adjacency index of Rn=0.9375,the spatial structure of the ecotourism resources development in Lijiang Basin indicates that there is a low spatial compactness and a weak overall distribution. Specifically,there is an even distribution for the upstream area(Rn=1.484),and a compressed distribution for the downstream area(Rn=0.441).The indices for connectivityβ=1.592 andγ=0.539 indicate that there is a relatively weak connectivity between tourism resources and a middle level of road compactness,which means that a good transport network for tourism has not yet been established.A buffer analysis of dots and lines indicates that 51.2%of tourism resources are grouped in a 5-km wide area centered around cities and towns,and that the tourism resources in the 2-km wide buffer zones along the national highways constitute 74.4%of the resources in the whole basin areas.There is a highly compact distribution of resources within areas between Guilin and Yangshuo.In terms of the regional structure,the development of resources for the apstream area is lower than for the middle and downstream areas.The quality of the development is best for the middle-stream area and then second best for the upstream area. The changes of the spatial structural evolution show a point-axle development around cities and towns and along national highways supplemented by the concentric zone development.The development is still resource-reliant,and there is a strong competition for the development of similar resources.The analysis of contribution of 44 factors shows that the 4 major factors that affect the spatial structure of ecotourism resource development in the basin are 0.1185 for resource value,0.1181 for transport location,0.0807 for resource type and 0.0774 for resource distribution.(3) The major driving forces for the spatial structural evolution of the ecotourism resources in the basin are aggregation and dispersion,policy environment and industrial structure adjustment,mutualism and competition.With a view to the features and spatial structural evolution of the ecotourism resources,and to the existing problems,a network-type optimization system is established that is characterized by 1 centre,2 wings, 3 nature reserves,4 development axles and 3 connectivity networks.It is hoped that the study of the spatial structure and its evolution,and the driving mechanism of the ecotourism resource development in Lijiang Basin may contribute to the further study of the evolution of the spatial structure of the ecotourism resources development of our country.It is also hoped that the study of the law of evolution of the spatial structure may shed some light on other ecotourism zones in our country.更多还原