【作者】 张莲洁；

【导师】 王逢瑚； 王述洋；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 木材科学与技术， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 现代人的主要生活、活动空间以室内为主,室内环境质量直接关系到人的安全与健康。随着新材料、新工艺和新家电家具的大量使用及众多观赏植物和宠物进入家庭,结果导致现代室内环境在给人类带来巨大的方便和安逸的同时,也暗藏下了众多的不安全和有害因素,以至于现代室内环境是影响和威胁现代人类安全与健康甚至寿命的最重要因素之一。因此,有关室内安全生态质量与评价的研究对提高现代人的生活质量和安全健康水平具有重大现实意义和学术研讨价值。本文综合运用安全科学技术、生态学观点、系统科学的思想,对现代室内环境的安全生态质量及其影响因素进行比较深入的研究,并在此基础上,运用安全性评价理论,研究了室内安全生态学评价的理论与方法,构建了评价的指标体系。并取得了一些创新性成果和结论。(1)从室内安全生态学研究的角度建立了通用型环境和特定型环境、广义室内环境和狭义室内环境的概念;探讨了室内环境质量的概念及主要影响方面;深入阐述了室内环境质量评价的内涵、核心问题,首次提出了室内安全生态学的十个主要研究内容,并对室内安全生态学评价的作用和意义进行了简明概括。(2)梳理和介绍了室内安全生态学评价可能需要的安全性评价理论方法、生态学的有关概念、观点、主要内容和研究方法等,为构建室内安全生态性评价进行了必要的交叉学科理论方法的准备,为室内安全生态学评价指标体系及方法的构建奠定了理论基础。(3)提出了室内安全生态学的内容体系,并在此基础上,根据各个内容从不同的角度反映了室内安全生态质量以及其全体,即反映和表达室内安全生态学的整体质量原理,首次构建出了由五个层次十九项指标组成的室内安全生态学评价的指标体系,为系统的检查、检测和辨识室内的危险和有害因素采取针对性措施,提高室内的安全生态质量,提供了科学依据和重要参考。(4)提出了室内环境质量主、客观评价方法及其理化和生物参数,并构建了室内综合评价的初步模型,给出了判断矩阵及其标注,并指出了利用层次分析法进行决策的步骤。本论文研究表明,从生态性和安全性有机连用的角度来研究和探索室内环境质量及其评价理论方法,是科学可行的,较任何一种单一因素评价更具科学性和实用性。本文上述研究结果,为室内安全生态学的继续深入研究,为室内安全生态质量的评价和科学的治理,提供了进一步研究的思路和界限,可供同行专家和学者参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the modern life,people spend most of time indoors,so the indoor environmental quality is directly related to our safety and health.With the use of new materials,technology and furniture and home appliances as well as the presence of the various ornamental plants and pets in a family,it brings us not only the great convenience,ease and comfort,but also a lot of the hidden insecurity and harmful factors.To some extent,the indoor environment has become one of the most important factors which impacts and threats our safety and health even lifetime.Therefore,the research on the indoor quality and ecological security evaluation is of great practical significance and academic value to improve the quality of life as well as the level on safety and health.In this paper,with the integrated use of safety science and technology,ecology point of view, and the system of scientific thinking,we have deeply studied the security of modern indoor environment and its impact on the quality of the ecological factors,and then basing on these results, we studied the theoretical approach of evaluating the indoor ecological safety using the safety evaluation theory.As a result,we have built an evaluation index system,and also have achieved some innovative results and conclusions.In this paper,with the point of view of the ecology of the interior security,the concepts of a universal environment and specific environments,as well as broad indoor environment and narrow indoor environment have been established.Meanwhile,we have focused on the concept of the indoor environmental quality and discussed its main impact;we have deepened the connotation of the indoor environmental quality evaluation,especially the core issue.We have first proposed the 10 major ecological researches of the interior security in this paper,and given a concise summary of the role and significance of evaluation of safe indoor ecology.We have organized the safety evaluation theory which may be needed to evaluate ecology on the interior security,and introduced the concept of ecology,viewpoints,and the main content and research methods,which are the necessary preparation of cross-disciplinary theory for constructing the indoor security ecology evaluation index system and conceiving the method for the construction of a theoretical foundation.We have first proposed the indoor ecological safety system,furthermore,according to various elements of different perspectives reflecting the interior and security of all its ecological quality, indoor and expression reflect the overall quality of security principles of ecology.To construct the first time by the five levels of 19 indicators of the ecological security evaluation of the indoor index system,we use the system of inspection,testing and identification of hazardous and harmful indoor factors to take specific measures to improve the ecological safety of the indoor quality,and provide a scientific basis for an important reference. We have first proposed the subjective and objective evaluation methods of indoor environmental quality and its physical,chemical and biological parameters,and also built a initial indoor model for this comprehensive evaluation,with the judgment matrix and its tagging,as well as the steps to make decision using the level analysis.Our studies showed that this evaluation theory from the ecological and safety of organic the perspective of research and exploration of indoor environmental quality,is not only scientificly possible but also more practical,than any other single factor evaluation.In this paper,the results of the study,for the continual and in-depth study on indoor ecological security,for the scientific evaluation and the effective governance of indoor ecological security, promoted some valuable ideas and provided the boundaries.Hopefully,it will have special reference to the other experts and scholars.更多还原