【作者】 郭树东；

【导师】 关忠良；

【作者基本信息】 北京交通大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 提高自主创新能力,建设创新型国家,是国家发展战略的核心,是提高综合国力的关键。集人才培养、科学研究、社会服务三大功能为一体的研究型大学,肩负着重大的历史使命。作为研究型大学基本学术组织的学科,不仅是知识存在和创新的平台,而且也是研究型大学赖以存在和发展的核心。然而,当前我国研究型大学的学科建设和发展存在着一系列较为突出的问题,如学科发展战略定位趋同,学科发展方向不清晰,学科布局和结构不合理等。因此,从理论上深入研究和分析研究型大学的学科发展内在规律和系统演化机理具有重要的意义。本文借鉴生态学思想,尤其是生态位理论,为研究型大学的学科发展研究提供了一种全新的理论方法,而且通过构建系统动力学和Agent仿真模型,为研究型大学制定学科发展战略提供了新的分析方法。本文的创新点主要有:1.界定了研究型大学学科生态系统中的各种学科间生态关系,并给出了学科生态位宽度和学科关联度测度方法。以自然生态系统中物种间的生态关系为基础,结合学科系统的生态特性,将学科问的生态关系归纳为竞争、偏利和互惠三种关系。基于学科生态因子指标体系,给出了学科生态位宽度的测度方法,并引申出学科关联度的测度方法。2.构建了研究型大学学科生态系统发展模型。按照学科生态关系的不同特征,分别建立了学科竞争生态模型,学科偏利生态模型和学科互惠生态模型。在此基础上,考虑多种学科生态关系的共同作用,建立了学科综合生态模型。3.运用Agent仿真方法对学科生态模型进行了仿真分析。仿真结果能够显示出,学科系统中的学科在相应学科生态关系作用下的发展趋势,所给出的系统仿真方法可以在研究型大学的学科发展战略规划中,作为定量化辅助决策手段。4.提出了研究型大学学科发展战略选择的方法,通过对某研究型大学某学科的实证分析,表明了该方法在理论和实践上的可行性与实用性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Enhancing China’s capacity for independent innovation and making China an innovative country is the core of our national development strategy and a crucial link in enhancing the overall national strength,in which researching university will play a key role because of its responsibility of cultivation of talents,scientific research and social service.And as the basic academic organization of researching university,discipline is not only the platform of its knowledge innovation but also the foundation of its existence and development.Nevertheless,there is a series of common problems in the current discipline construction endeavor in different researching universities,such as, lacking of clear strategic development orientation,unreasonable structure in the whole discipline system,and similar strategic positioning arising in the sharply different researching universities.Hence,it is of great significance to tamp the theoretical foundation both of the inherent developing law for a certain discipline and that of the evolution mechanism for the whole disciplinary system in researching university.In the dissertation,the author not only offered a brand-new theoretical method for the study of the discipline development for researching university,which can be attributed to the ideological reference of ecosystem theory,especially of niche,but also introduced some new empirical analytic techniques,such as the System Dynamics simulation model and Multi Agent simulation mode,to support the decision-making in the discipline development planning of the researching university.The contribution of this dissertation r lies in following four points:1.Not only the classification standard is defined to clarify the ecology relations between different disciplines,but also the metrics methods of their niche breadth and overlap are also offered.Given the ecological characteristics of discipline system against the ecology relations among species in natural ecosystem,the interdisciplinary ecological relations are clarified as three kinds of relations i.e.competition, commensalism and the reciprocity.Then based on calculation method of ecosystem,the relative index of niche breadth and overlap between different disciplines are given.2.The discipline ecosystem development model of researching university is built. In accordance with the respective characteristics of interdisciplinary ecology relations, three kinds of discipline ecological models between two different disciplines,i.e. competition model,partial benefit model and the reciprocity mode,are built.Then taken the effect of all the kinds of interdisciplinary ecology relations into account,a comprehensive ecological model of discipline system is built.3.The discipline ecosystem development model of researching university is simulated in a multi-agent system,named Anylogic.The result of the simulation can show the developing trends under the effect of various disciplines ecological relations, and can be used as a quantitative decision-making supporting tool in the discipline development planning of the researching university.4.An approach to making strategic choice in the discipline development planning of the researching university is proposed.A discipline in a certain researching university is taken as an example to shown that the model offered by the author in the dissertation is maneuverable in practice.更多还原