【作者】 李雁玲；

【导师】 张炳申；

【作者基本信息】 暨南大学 ， 产业经济学， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 本文以数据搜集、问卷调查和相关社团机构访谈资料为依据,以香港、新加坡、美国拉斯维加斯三个城市经济体作比较,以比较劳动生产率分析、结构偏离度分析、就业弹性分析等研究工具作补充,从产业经济学的视角探索澳门产业结构与就业结构过去与现在之变动规律与特征,预测其未来五年变动趋势,从而提出相关对策选择。在产业结构方面,外部压力,以及保护性的产业政策是推动澳门产业结构变动的根本动力。产业结构变动主要特点是演进顺序的“非常规性”、“跳跃性”、“被动性”。即第一产业未获生长,已向第二、第三产业跳跃,第三产业尚未成熟已逆向促进第二产业发展。第一产业因第三、第二产业兴旺而“被动地”消失。特殊行业——博彩业在转型中已早熟地成为领先产业。产业发育不全,成长层次偏低,保护政策与市场机制并存,自由竞争与垄断经营同在,这些都是澳门产业结构生成与变化的基础。在就业结构方面,外来劳动力的进入是澳门就业结构流动的重要助力。就业人口流动也显示了“其反向性”、“非常规性”。就业结构以技术层次低、劳动密集型高的特征与产业结构发展层次相适应。澳门产业结构正处在转型期,结构性失业客观存在。近年的表现形式是充分就业条件下的结构性失业。劳动市场上的保护政策以及工资刚性是充分就业与结构性失业并存的主要原因。通过分析,针对澳门产业结构单一化、就业流动单向性的问题提出整合与优化的政策建议。加强职业培训与教育投资、有效发挥产业政策、制度供给的引导作用是优化产业结构与就业结构的重要途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 This article compares economic systems of three cities,Hong Kong, Singapore and Las Vegas,United States,on the basis of data collection, questionnaire and interview with league.Comparisons on the analysis of such research tools,labor productivity,structural deviation and employment elasticity are utilized as a complement of the above-mentioned methodology. It gropes after the past and present variable pattern and characteristics of the industrial and employment structures of Macao,from the vision of industrial economics.Apart from this,it forecasts the changeable movement of the forthcoming five years.On the aspect of industrial structure,external stress and protective industrial policy are the fundamental force that drives the change of Macao industrial structure,whereas it is the attribute of this change to be "inconstant", "bouncing" and "passive".It means that the economy starts to bounce to secondary and tertiary industries when the primary industry has not yet developed itself.On the other hand,it reverses to promote the expansion of the secondary industry when the tertiary industry has not yet matured.The primary industry "passively" disappears when the secondary and tertiary industries prosper.The distinctive industry,gambling industry,has prematured to be the pioneer industry during this change of structure.The hypoplasia of industry,the concomitance of protective policy with market system and free competition with monopolized operation are all the groundwork of the growth and change of Macao industrial structure.On the aspect of employment structure,the entry of import labor is the key driving power of Macao employment structural mobility.The mobility of labor population exhibits its "reversibility" and "inconstancy".The employment structure and the development of industrial structure accommodate each other by its nature of low demand of skill and high labor intensity. Macao industrial structure is,at this moment,its switching stage. Structural unemployment objectively exists.The recent performance modality is the structural unemployment under full employment condition.The protective policy of labor market and the wage rigidity are the key factors of the concomitance of full employment and structural unemployment.Through analysis,with focus on the singularization of Macao industrial structure,the issue of unidirectional labor mobility addresses the integral and optimized policy advice.By means of the augmentation of vocational training and educational investment,it inefficaciously elaborates industrial policy.The supply of system as the guiding function is the vital gateway to optimatization of industrial structure and employment structure.更多还原