【作者】 李晓春；

【导师】 王国庆；

【作者基本信息】 暨南大学 ， 企业管理， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 拣货作业是指按照订单的要求将用户所订的货品从储存位置取出,分类、集中、装箱的作业过程。为满足一个客户订单,拣货员需行走到货品存储区,查找待拣选货品并从存储位置中取出,整理拣好的货品,对拣货作业过程进行记录,包装货品准备配送。在配送中心所有在库活动中,拣货作业是劳动密集型程度最高且花费最大的一项活动。随着客户订单的多样化和客户服务质量要求的提高,拣货作业运作方法的研究及应用更加成为研究的热点之一,拣货作业的优化对有效提高配送中心的运作效率,降低劳动消耗具有较大的意义。本论文系统整理、总结了拣货作业运作相关的研究成果。分别研究了三种拣货系统中的拣货作业问题:静态分区拣货系统(串行分区、并行分区)、动态分区拣货系统以及双旋转货架拣货系统。首先,在静态分区拣货系统中,考虑拣货员拣货速度不同的情况,提出储位指派算法,通过对品项在各分区间储位的安排以平衡各分区拣货员的作业量;继而分析了在作业繁忙期与空闲期拣货员的配置及储位的调整问题。然后,在静态分区拣货系统的基础上提出动态分区拣货策略,通过订单拣货顺序的优化及拣货员所在分区的动态分配,提出了“排序-动态分区-平衡”思想,设计启发式算法使分区间等待时间减少,提高拣货效率。最后对分区拣货系统中常见的另一种货架系统——旋转货架进行讨论,针对双旋转货架系统配置下的拣货优化问题,分析其特点、建立数学规划模型,分别对拣取时间可忽略的情况及拣取时间不可忽略的情况设计启发式算法求解。此外,论文根据不同的拣货作业规则和优化目标,对相关模型及算法进行模拟测试以证明其有效性,为方法选择与应用提供了依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Order picking is to pick customer ordered items from storage locator and prepare for shipment.To fulfill an order,the picker walks to storage locations,finds the items,takes out from the locations,consolidates,packs,and prepares for the final shipment.Order picking is the most labor-intensive and costly in all the activities of the distribution center. With the increased customer demand diversity and high service expectations,the research and application of the order picking become one hot topic,in order to increase operation efficiency and decrease the labor workload.This dissertation reviews the current research on the typical decision problems in design and control of order-picking processes.It mainly studies the problems in three kinds of order picking system:static zone order picking system(progressive zone order picking,synchronized zone order picking),dynamic zone order picking and double carousel order picking system.For static zone order picking system,it proposes assignment heuristic algorithms to balance the pickers’ workload in different zones by the item location arrangement;considering the order volume fluctuation in peak periods and slack periods,it introduces two heuristic algorithms respectively on historical data.Based on static zone order picking,it brings the dynamic zone order picking strategy by optimizing the picking schedule to share jobs among pickers in one picking lane,two heuristic algorithms are introduced to reduce the total picking time.For double carousel system,in order to minimize the total picking time,it provides the heuristic algorithms to find the optimized picking schedule respectively when picking time can be ignored and when picking time cannot be ignored.Meanwhile,for different picking strategies and optimization objectives,simulated testing is taken to validate its performance and reliability of each algorithm,which provides a reference for the application and the choice of order picking methods.更多还原