【作者】 张桂臣；

【导师】 任光；

【作者基本信息】 大连海事大学 ， 轮机工程， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 研究船舶控制多过程特性及其相互作用和影响,应用自学习和自适应被控过程特性渐变的复合误差反馈控制器,提高船舶控制系统性能,具有重要现实意义。分析广义误差特性及其蕴含的过程特征信息,应用于复合误差控制模型的研究。提出基于测度方法的结构在线学习和基于方向导数算法的参数在线学习,增加具有记忆功能的反馈连接,动态误差循环补偿,自整定参数少的模糊神经网络复合误差模型。综合了作用在船舶上的环境干扰、船舶非线性动态过程、推进系统产生的推力及舵机速度对船舶操纵的影响,建立了船舶沿着给定航线运动的复合误差模型。在此基础上,研究了船舶-主机一体自适应学习误差模型控制的广义船速调节器,实现了航速闭环控制;集成了驾驶员的自学习、辨识和自适应能力,提出了人-船一体复合误差控制模型。研究了船舶轴带发电-电力推进及其能量回馈的复杂控制系统,综合了自动电压调节器(AVR)的鲁棒滑模变结构误差自校正控制、并网发电机组动态特性误差状态空间、推进电机的滑模变结构-模糊神经网络复合误差控制以及废气透平发电机增广误差二次型最优控制,提出优化船舶电力推进系统的多级自动控制方法,建立复合误差控制模型,进行了Lyapunov稳定性分析。实船安装调试了基于航向误差控制的船舶自动舵;完成了船舶-主机一体的广义调速器半实物仿真训练平台;应用Sinamics S120和Simotion D实现了船舶轴带发电-电力推进及能量回馈节能技术的半实物仿真系统,进行了复合误差控制方法的试验研究,结果表明,复合误差控制模型具有很好的自适应性、稳定性和鲁棒性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The multi-process characteristics and interaction effects of ship control systems are studied in this thesis.A hybrid error feedback controller is applied to controlling the ship multi-process systems.This controller has the abilities of self-learning and the adaptability of asymptotically convergent characteristics.These abilities enable to improve the performance of the ship control systems.These characteristics are important for practical application to ship controls systems.In order to analyze the characteristics of generalized errors and their inherent behavior of the process information,a generalized error model is used to study hybrid error control systems.A fuzzy-neuro hybrid error model(FNHEM) is proposed for the ship multi-process systems.The structure learning of FNHEM is conduced with the degree measure and the parameter learning of the model is carried out with the ordered derivative algorithm.To increase memory abilities of FNHEM,the feedback connection elements are embedded in FNHEM,which has the advantage of dynamically recurrent error compensatory and needs few self-tuning parameters.A hybrid error model is established under the situation that the ship goes along the desired trajectory.The hybrid error model integrates the influences of the ship’s environmental disturbances,of ship nonlinearly dynamic process,of thrust’s propulsion and of speed of rudder angle on ship manoeuvre.Based on the hybrid error model,a generalized speed regulator of integrated ship-diesel engine system using self-learning and adaptive error model is researched,by which the closed-loop ship speed control is achieved.The main feature of the hybrid error control model is that the abilities of learning,identification and adaptation of the ship pilots are all integrated into the seaman ship systems for ship movement control scheme.A hardware-in-loop simulation system for marine propulsion-shaft electric generator is implemented.This system can feedback energy to the ship electrical network,so that the saving technology is realized.Integrated analysis of AVR using robust sliding mode self-tuning control method is carried out.Some intelligent control methods also are taken into consideration including the paralleling generators dynamic behavior error state-space,the hybrid error control of electric propulsion motor which consists of a parallel connected sliding mode controller and a fuzzy-neural controller, and the augmented linear quadratic Gaussian control scheme for exhaust turbine generator.Optimal control methods of multi-task automatic control for ship electric propulsion system is proposed,and its hybrid error control model is established and analyzed by Lyapunov stability Theory.A benchmark system for marine autopilot training with,semi-physical simulator is established,of which the generalized speed regulator of integrated ship-diesel engine system is achieved.Siemens Sinamics S120 and Simotion D Scout are used for hardware-in-loop simulation system of marine propulsion-shaft electric generator and energy feedback saving technology being realized.The hybrid error control method is tested on the benchmark system.The results show that hybrid error control model can enhance the stability for ship control process,has good adaptability and robustness.更多还原