【作者】 石宏伟；

【导师】 范明；

【作者基本信息】 江苏大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 经过二十多年改革开放和现代化建设,我国的综合国力有了大幅度跃升,人民生活水平总体上已经达到了小康水平。但城乡二元化结构并没有改变,农村与城市在某些方面的差距还在拉大,城乡分离的二元化社会保障制度难以适应和谐社会的要求,对此进行改革和创新,逐步统筹城乡社会保障制度显得越来越重要。本文基于对有关社会保障理论的介绍、评析与我国社会保障实践相结合的基础之上,采用理论联系实际的方法,通过对我国城乡二元化社会保障实践的经验和教训的总结,运用社会主义市场经济理论和社会保障科学理论,结合我国目前农村经济运行中出现的新情况、新问题,提出改革和创新的新模式、新思路,寻求符合中国国情的统筹城乡二元化社会保障制度的新体制。首先,介绍世界各国对社会保障概念的理解及社会保障的内容,提出本文所给定的社会保障定义,论述了逐步统筹城乡二元化社会保障制度的意义,确定本文的研究范围和基本研究方法。其次,在理论上分别从宏观经济学角度分析社会保障的基本经济原理和微观经济学角度分析二元化社会劳动力变动理论基础,并回顾了社会保障思想的雏形、德国新历史学派、庇古的“经济福利”思想、凯恩斯的有效需求不足理论与国家干预思想、贝弗里奇的福利国家思想等等,分析西方社会保障理论对我国社会保障建设的指导意义。论述了马克思主义社会保障的理论。并对目前我国国内学者就我国社会保障相关问题的论述作了详细的分析。在此基础上重点介绍了德国、英国、美国、日本等国家社会保障制度建设的实践和内容,分析了发达国家社会保障制度的历史对我国的启示,指出现代社会保障制度是工业化革命的产物;工业化的推进促使了城乡社会保障一体化;社会保障水平的确立要适应生产力发展水平;要以渐进的方式使社会保障覆盖全社会。第三,分析了我国城乡二元化社会保障制度的历史进程,指出特定的历史条件下形成的城乡二元化社会保障制度,在人民公社解体和经济体制改革后不但没有得到缓解反而有所强化,我国城乡二元化的社会保障制度对我国经济社会的发展既有积极影响又有消极影响。针对目前我国农村现有的社会保障制度面临着新的挑战:本文从经济学角度分析农村养老资源的缺失;认为家庭保障不能适应新形势的需要;农民承担的风险不断增大;农民土地保障功能也在弱化等等。因此,必须对城乡二元化社会保障制度进行改革和创新。最后,从改革与创新的基本原则,农村农业人口养老保险制度改革,为失地农民建立相应的社会保障制度,农村合作医疗制度的改革,城市农民工的社会保障制度建设,农村居民的最低生活保障制度建设,我国城市社会保障制度的改革七个方面探讨我国二元化社会保障制度的改革和创新,从而逐步建立统筹城乡社会保障制度,为最终实现两者的统一创造条件。更多还原

【Abstract】 China had made enormous progress in the development of national economy and society in the past 20 years,but the gap of development in urban and rural areas is enlarged,and the social income gap is expanding constantly,especially the interests which the masses of middle and low income groups get from the reform are relatively limited.The life of the low-income group had not been improved too.The basic social security system is facing up the severe difficulty at present;the development of the social security undertaking is far from meeting the demands of the social security of the low-income group in the society.Based on social security theory and social security practices in China,this thesis uses theoritical analysis and real example analysis research approaches,investigated and compared the basic social security of urban and rural areas in China and analyzes the certainty of integrated basic social security of urban and rural areas in China in terms of Chinese historical development.On this basis,the thesis proceeds from new problem in current economic development and developing reality of the basic social security of urban and rural areas in China.According to the reality of national conditions and the experience of basic social security of the western developed countries and Chinese basic social security and the next development trend of construction of China,the thesis used qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis means to study dualization social security system.First of all,the thesis introduce the concept of social security and social protection content in countries all of the world,and the charpter set up the social security definition in this thesis,discusses the significance of gradually coordinating urban and rural dual social security system,determine the scope of the study in this paper and basic research methods.Secondly,discusses the theory basis from the macroeconomic point of view of social security’s basic economic principles and micro economics point of view of the dual theory of social change in the basis of labor and social security,reviewing the new German Historical School,the Pigou’s "economic benefits",thinking of insufficient effective demand Keynesian theory and state intervention thinking, Beveridge welfare state ideology,and so on,discusses the guides of the social security of the Western theory of China’s social security building.Base On the Marxist theory of social security,the Chinese study on China’s social security related issues discussed were analysis in detail.On this basis,focused on Germany,the United Kingdom,the United States,Japan and other countries,we discuss the history of social security system and the practice guiding of building the social security system in China.We indicate that the modern social security system is a product of industrial revolution. To promoting the industrialization of the urban and rural social security integration, the establishment of social security level should adapt to the level of development of productive forces and the aim of overall social security coverage should build in a progressive approach.Third,the thesis analysis the historical process of China’s urban and rural social security system,pointing out that under the specific historical conditions,the formation of the urban and rural social security system,and economic disintegration of the people’s commune system reform has not eased the contrary.The enhancement of China’s urban and rural social security system has both positive and negative effects for China’s economic and social development.In light of new challenge facing the China’s rural social security system,this article analysis of the lack of resources in rural endowment from the economics point of view and indicate that the family can not meet the security needs of the new situation;farmers bear the continually increasing risk,the farmers land protection function is also weakening,and so on. Therefore,it is needed for urban and rural social security system reformation and innovation.Finally,based on the basic principle of reformation and innovation,we study the rural old-age insurance system reform for agricultural population,social security system establishment for landless peasants,rural cooperative medical system reform, the social security system for urban migrant workers,the minimum livelihood guarantee system construction for rural residents and Chinese urban social security system in Chinese dual social security system reform and innovation.更多还原