【作者】 滕星均；

【导师】 葛宝山；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 技术经济及管理， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 “三农”问题是建设中国特色社会主义必须解决的重要问题,也是构建社会主义和谐社会、建设社会主义新农村的难点和关键。近几年来,“三农”问题成了理论界和社会关注的一个热点问题。经济学界在“三农”问题上有着长久而热烈的探讨与争论,不管他们提出的解决问题的方法策略如何各异,但对于问题本身的看法却是日趋一致的,那就是“三农”问题已经趋近于一个国家可承受的极限值,并且直接影响了农民从事农业活动的积极性和农村基层社区构架的稳定,从而诱发中央及各地政府积极探索和尝试解决问题的方法和措施。正是在这种历史背景下,“三农”问题受到了中央高层以及社会各界的关注。本文依据区域经济学理论、产业经济学理论、发展经济学理论、制度经济学理论等基础理论,以区域经济突破为主线,将区域创业环境、三农问题的发展现状、存在问题、形成原因及其解决办法纳入一个系统,对三农问题进行了系统的研究。分别从研究背景、吉林省“三农”问题现状及存在的问题、吉林省“三农”问题形成原因、吉林省“三农”问题发展趋势分析预测以及解决吉林省“三农”问题的思路与对策等方面进行分析论述,系统地对吉林省“三农”问题发展趋势及对策进行了研究与解答。更多还原

【Abstract】 "Three Rural”Issues is an important issue that must be addressed in building socialism with Chinese characteristics, but also difficult and critical in building a harmonious socialist society and building a new socialist countryside. In recent years, the CPC Central Committee and State Council guide the economic and social development with the scientific development concept and strengthen the "three rural" work effectively, therefore agriculture and rural development have been changes positively. But the current agriculture and rural development is still in the difficult climbing stage. Agricultural infrastructure is weak, rural areas lag behind the development of social undertakings, the income gap between urban and rural residents continues to highlight the contradictions and solving the "three rural" issues is still a great and arduous historical task in the industrialization and urbanization. "Three rural" issues are still major factors in building a harmonious society in China. Deng Xiaoping once said: "rural instability, the whole political situation unstable; farmers have not lifted out of poverty, we did not lift ourselves out of poverty." Stability overrides everything and harmony above anything, harmony is the best state of stability, harmony is a positive stability and a long-lasting stability. Only treat the farmers, there are can be stable in rural areas. Rural stability is an important factor and the basis in building a socialist harmonious society.In recent years, the "three rural" issues have become hot issues in theoretical circles and society. Economists have a long and lively discussion and debate in the "three rural" issues. Regardless how different their proposed solution to the problem, the views of the problem itself are becoming more consistent, that is, "Three Rural”Issues approach the already affordable limits in a country, and directly impact on the farmers’agricultural activities as well as the stability of the rural grass-roots community framework, and induced the central and local governments to explore and try to solve the problem actively. It is against this historical background, the "three rural" issues have been the concerns of the central level as well as the community. Three generations of collective leadership have all made detailed and systematic expositions of the importance as well as ways and means to resolve the issues of agriculture, rural areas and farmers. September 1991, Comrade Zemin Jiang inspected in Hebei Province, he discussed agriculture, rural areas, farmers together for the first time, and proposed the "three rural" concept and stressed the importance of their status: "No comprehensive progress in rural areas, there can be no all-round progress of the whole society; no well-off farmers, there can be no well-off national people; no agricultural modernization, there can be no modernization of the entire national economy; no stability in rural areas, there will be no stability in the country."In this paper, we based on the regional economic theory, industrial economics, development economics, systems theory and other basic economic theory, to regional economic breakthrough be the main line, from the research background, the current situation and problems, the causes, the development trends analysis and forecasting, the problem-solving ideas and countermeasures of the "Three Rural”Issues in Jilin Province, we researched and answered the development trends and countermeasures of the "Three Rural”Issues in Jilin Province systematically. As follows:First, in the introduction, start with the research background, we point out that what is "three rural" issue, namely, agriculture, rural areas, farmers, as well as interpret the specific meaning of the‘Three rural’issues. And then from the impact of social stability, employment pressure of excess labor, we put forward the negative impact of the "Three Rural”issues and point out the importance of resolving the three rural issues. Finally, we review the previous studies of the Three Rural issues, list a greater impact and more representative points. For example, tax reform and tax exemption: on the study of the policy background; rural organizations reform: on the "tax reform" to discuss outstanding issues and so on. In order to understand the current status quo of the "Three Rural Issues".Second, discourse upon the overall situation of the three rural issues in Jilin Province from the overview of Jilin Province as well as the existence of "three rural" problems in Jilin Province, and point out the highlighting area of "three rural" issue. And then put up a detailed analysis and discussion of its current development and problems from the three views of agriculture, rural areas and farmers. In regard to the status quo of the agricultural development in Jilin Province, from the achievements of Jilin agricultural development, the agricultural structure in Jilin Province, the agricultural development environment in Jilin Province (including Changchun, Jilin, Siping, Tonghua, Matsubara, Liaoyuan, Baishan, Baicheng, Yanbian nine states regions)to expound the characteristics and the level. In regard to the status quo of the rural development in Jilin Province, from the construction of infrastructure, rural social security system, the development of rural education in Jilin Province, the development of township enterprises in Jilin Province, the investment growth in rural areas of Jilin Province, the status quo in rural areas of Jilin Province, as well as the level of urbanization in Jilin Province and the status of the rural financial system development of the rural area in Jilin Province, we did a systematic and comprehensive interpretation.Third, the cause analysis of the three Rural Issues in Jilin Province. From the four areas of internal and external factors as well as the realities and historical factors to analysis it. Among them, mainly from the three-pronged approach of agriculture, rural areas and farmers to discuss the internal factors. And policy-related factors and institutional factors led to the external factors of the "three rural" issue.Fourth, analyze and forecast the development trend of the three rural issues in Jilin Province. First of all, analyze the overall development trend of the three rural issues" in Jilin Province. As follows: In the next few years, the agriculture of Jilin Province will continue to maintain the momentum of rapid development, and the industrial structure of agriculture will continue to upgrade. For a long period of time, the regional pattern of agriculture in Jilin Province will become more and more reasonable, and will be further optimized. In the economic development of the rural areas in Jilin Province, the rural reform would be further deepened, in addition to tax reform, the grain distribution system and rural financial system will also be further deepened. In the process of gradually solving the "three rural" issues, the relevant number indicators of agriculture, rural areas, farmers in the Jilin Province will continue to change. Secondly, analyze and forecast the concrete development trend of the "Three Rural Issues" in Jilin Province, from the three-pronged approach of agriculture, rural areas and farmers respectively. In the agricultural development trends of Jilin Province, we hold that the industrial structure of agriculture will continue to upgrade, the agricultural modernization trend is obvious, the regional pattern of agriculture will be further optimized, and the ecological environment will continue deepening, the base of agricultural products are maturing and will continue to protect national food security. Based on the trends and projections data, we can foresee that the total agricultural output in Jilin Province will achieve more rapid development over the next ten years, and also indicates that the development of agriculture will be a breakthrough in the growth of trend in the future. The total grain output and yields are in upward trend, while the long-term sown area is in continuing downward trend. Therefore, the level of the growth of grain production is the main reason for increased food production, and the upward trend of growth was in volatility. Fluctuations of relatively large in individual years the range and instability of grain production have become threats to one aspect of food security in Jilin Province and the state. To maintain the good development trend, we should continue to take appropriate measures to support agriculture. Under the policy inhibition and price driving factors, the price of grain in Jilin Province will remain stable over a period of time and the situation will not appear to rise so large or decline too large. The overall development situation of the per capita net income of rural residents in Jilin Province is in smooth increase. However, slower growth in the early, the latter, especially in the next few years, the per capita net income of rural residents in Jilin Province is of good development trend, the growth rate will be greatly increased. In the near future, the "Three Rural Issues" in Jilin Province will be associated with the implementation of measures and policies to gradually weaken and gradually disappear. Farmers, rural areas, agriculture will be like as an integral part of other social, healthy and smoothly existing in our society.Fifth, proposing the problem-solving ideas and countermeasures of the "Three Rural”Issues in Jilin Province. Expounding from the guiding ideology, basic ideas as well as countermeasures. In the guiding ideology of the settlement of "Three Rural Issues" in Jilin Province, we believe that we should have new ideas, new thinking; have a new positioning, new stereotypes; have a new direction, new goals; to explore new ways to take new measures. In the aspects of the basic ideas in the settlement of "Three Rural Issues" in Jilin Province, we think that we should further strengthen the thinking and seeking to use the industrialized ideas to develop the agriculture, use the industrialization of agriculture to guide the important status of the work of agriculture and the rural economy, with urban and rural economic and social development ideas to solve the "three rural" issue approach, improve the quality of farmers to improve agricultural and rural economic competitiveness. In the countermeasures of addressing the "three rural" issue in Jilin Province, mainly expounded from the construction of modern agriculture in Jilin Province, the development of the rural economy in Jilin Province, and increasing income for farmers in Jilin Province.In this paper, the conclusions of the study have some practical value to solve the "three rural" issues in Jilin Province, and also have some useful reference to other similar provinces in solving the "three rural" issues.更多还原