【作者】 巴殿君；

【导师】 刘清才；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 国际政治， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 台湾问题关系到中国国家核心利益,是影响中日关系的关键因素。冷战后,日本不断强化对台湾问题的介入,企图使原本属于中国内政的台湾问题国际化、复杂化,加大了中国解决台湾问题的难度。在可以预见的将来,台湾问题最终可能成为中日间头号摩擦因素。对冷战后日本对台政策的演变做深入、细致的分析研究,不仅可以把握日本对台政策的实质、走向,还可以依此探寻解决台湾问题的对策。本文从国际体系与日本外交政策解析的角度入手,论述了国际环境对日台关系的影响,以及日本的国家战略定位与选择,分析了日本对台政治、安全、经济与文化政策与相关领域的关系,并基于日本对台政策双重性的特征,勾画出日本对台政策走向,提出应对之策。更多还原

【Abstract】 Taiwan question is related to China’s national core interests, which is the key factor to affect the relation between China and Japan after the Cold War. Any changes of Japan’s policy to Taiwan will affect the normal development of the relation between China and Japan directly. Many factors lead to the emergence of Taiwan question, and Japan factor always exists behind all the reasons. The Japan factor runs through the whole formation of Taiwan question. Taiwan question remains unresolved for a long time, because it is affected by the common intervention of the United States and Japan and other international forces. The United States is the most important external resistance to resolve Taiwan question, but the Japan factor can not be neglected. It can be said that the Japan’s colonial rule and post-War US-Japan long-term containment policy to China are the historical factors of Taiwan question. After the Cold War, Japan and United States continue to intervene in Taiwan question by strengthening the military alliance, becoming a real reason why Taiwan question can’t be resolved for a long time, which can’t be neglected. Japan regards Taiwan as a“lifeline at sea”. Especially in recent years, Japan seeks to become“political power”and moves forward to the direction of ordinary country, so that the role of Taiwan to check China mainland becomes more obvious. Therefore, Japan continues to strengthen the intervention in Taiwan question, which originally belongs to Chinese domestic affairs and which has been made more internationalized and more complicated. As a result, the difficulty for China to resolve Taiwan question is increased.In this paper, there are five chapters and the design of the contents is to highlight two-fold:“Seek facts”and“Seek truth”. Mainly through the understanding to a large number of Japanese first-hand materials,“Seek facts”is as far as possible to summarize the specific contents and changes of Japan’s policy to Taiwan;“Seek truth”is that mostly through the combing, grasping and analysis of the background, characteristic, trend and others of Japan’s policy to Taiwan, it can outline the nature and countermeasures of Japan’s policy to Taiwan. The specific contents are designed according to the following:ChapterⅠ, international system and Japan’s foreign policy after the Cold War. It is mainly on the impact of the international environment to Japan-Taiwan relation and the position and selection of Japan’s national strategy. After the Cold War, the revolutionary changes of international situation and international issues have taken place. In the course of the reorganization of international relations, every country is all in the search for the re-position under the new situation. As an important participant in the international system, Japan takes the opportunities to achieve the object of“normal country”. Meanwhile, checks and balances of power in the East Asian regional system and regional cooperation and competition in the international environment, also plays the clamped role on the development of the relation between Japan and Taiwan. Japan-Taiwan relation has great affects on Sino-Japan relation, relations across the Taiwan Strait and Northeast Asia, even the development of the global political situation. Taiwan question as a chain of Japan’s foreign policy, its form of the role and importance all depend on Japan’s interaction with the external environment. Once the international situation changes, Taiwan question in the status of Japan’s foreign policy may change. In this chapter, Japan-Taiwan relation will be analyzed under the international environment.ChapterⅡ, the changes of Japan’s policy to Taiwan after the Cold War. Mainly from the historical review on Japan’s policy to Taiwan, we elaborate post-Cold War corroded“the one-China policy”. From legal and political level to see, Japan has not broken through the bottom line of“the one-China principle”in Sino-Japanese relation, and Japanese government basically hasn’t broken through its promise of the framework of“1972 System”, since China and Japan established the diplomatic relation. Although this“origin coordinate”has not changed, the strategic intent and method of Japanese intervention in Taiwan and the actual relationship between Japan and Taiwan all have a substantial change. After the Cold War, under the premise of“respecting, understanding”the one-China principle, Japan adds the conditions for China on resolving Taiwan question, re-determining the principle and object of policy toward Taiwan: Advocating peaceful means, against China to use force; to maintain the status quo across the Taiwan Strait; to support the internationalization of Taiwan question. The three objectives reflect the vicious expansion and concrete application of Japan’s national power on Taiwan question, making“the one-China policy”in“1972 System”be corroded. Japan-Taiwan relation doesn’t simply remain on the civil level of economy, trade and culture, but the Japan-Taiwan political party exchanges and political space has got a comprehensive upgrade. Japan-Taiwan relation has begun to evolve into a“quasi-government”form.ChapterⅢ, the development of the security relation between Japan and Taiwan after the Cold War. Military and security policy is the core and programmatic content of Japan’s policy to Taiwan. After the Cold War, Japan-Taiwan security relation constitutes the“new axis”of security guarantee of Japan. From the view of military and security, this chapter elaborates the essence of Japan’s military and security policy to Taiwan, reflecting the salient features of“co-intervention”of Japan-US Alliance, which reflects“rigid intervention”and“soft intervention”. Through a series of activities, including the post-Cold War crisis in the Taiwan Strait, the re-definition of Japan-US security, the establishment of Japan-US common strategic objectives in the early 21st century and so on, Japan completes the post-Cold War adjustment of Japan-Taiwan security relation. After the Cold War, taking 2002 as the boundary, the Japanese security policy toward Taiwan transforms from the previous containment strategy (confrontation) to the advice strategy (coordination). After the Cold War, Japan’s security policy toward Taiwan is mainly embodied in three aspects: Intervening in the Taiwan Strait security affairs through Japan-US Alliance; through the establishment of the Theater Missile Defense system and the applicable object of Japan-US security, it attempts to incorporate Taiwan into the Japan-US Alliance in security; through relevant laws’revision, formulation and the coordination of policy, it can counter with emergencies of changing cross-strait status quo in the greatest degree, to ensure the purpose of maintaining the Taiwan Strait status quo.ChapterⅣ, Japan-Taiwan economic and cultural exchanges. The economic and cultural relation depends on their own political and economic interests, reflecting the strategic intent of both sides. It can be said that the real purpose of Japan’s economic and cultural policy is to regard Taiwan as a“special region”, to promote“internationalization”, and to achieve the goal of maintaining the status quo. This chapter makes an analysis of“how the economic and cultural relation between Japan and Taiwan to be deepened”, from several aspects, including the Japanese initiative in trade with Taiwan, Japan-Taiwan industry strategic cooperation, the politicization of economic relation and through the similar values identity and its long-term cultural penetration, training“Japan complex”and“Taiwan complex”, to reinforce bilateral relation, and so on.ChapterⅤ, the trend of Japan’s policy toward Taiwan and the mainland’s strategic countermeasures. For the characteristic of dual nature of Japan’s policy to Taiwan, we come to a conclusion that in the future, the method of Japan’s intervention policy toward Taiwan will reflect the characteristic of“Limited Intervention”: In a considerable period, Japan will not break out the framework of“1972 system”, and under the premise of not to touch the China’s bottom line, Japan will seek a gradual, continued, slow way to promote the comprehensive cooperation relationship with Taiwan, and get together with United States to do its utmost to maintain the“Taiwan Strait’s Status quo”. For the corresponding, we point out that China should adopt the three principles to deal with Japan-Taiwan’s relation under the guidance of the overall diplomatic strategy. Based on the priority of improvement of cross-strait relation, we propose that two sides should deepen economic exchanges and establish common economic space, should promote the political mitigation and establish the basis of mutual trust, should mitigate military confrontation and maintain military pressure. Meanwhile, China should perfect the device of cooperation and conflict to Japan and make efforts to alleviate Japan’s affect on Taiwan question.To sum up, after the Cold War, Japan’s policy to Taiwan has a potential“quality”change. It displays on three aspects: First, to promote the internationalization of Taiwan question; second, in response to the nationalization of the Taiwan question; third, to promote the Congress of Taiwan question.It can be said that, after the Cold War, Taiwan question becomes increasingly prominent and also becomes another“Bottleneck”in the relation between China and Japan. In the foreseeable future, Taiwan question may eventually become the top of friction factors in Sino-Japan. Making deep and careful analysis and studies of the evolution of the Japan’s policy to Taiwan after the Cold War, not only can grasp the trend of the Japan’s policy to Taiwan, but also rely on it to explore the countermeasures to resolve the Taiwan question, thus facilitating the reunification of China and East Asia’s stability.更多还原