【作者】 管青；

【导师】 杨兆升；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 交通信息工程及控制， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 随着中国城市化进程的加快,机动车保有量的迅速增加,对新时代条件下的交通管理提出了更高的要求。交通信号控制与路径诱导在时间、空间两个方面共同影响着交通流模式的演变,研究两者间的关联关系使之协同能够提高路网使用效率和交通流运行状况,具有重要的理论价值和现实意义。本论文通过对区域交通信号控制系统与交通诱导系统的协同运作开展研究,力图从两者协同运作的角度出发,主动的去引导、调节交通流,实现更为科学合理的交通信号控制与交通诱导,将目前的道路交通管理的方式变被动适应为主动引导,从而缓解交通拥挤。本论文分别从区域动态交通分配理论、协同条件下的VMS最优布设方法、协同条件下的诱导信息自动生成方法、协同条件下的区域交通信号控制方法、协同条件下的公交信号优先技术、协同效果的评价等方面开展研究,涉及了交通信号控制系统、交通诱导系统、动态交通分配DTA、可变情报板VMS最优布点、公交信号优先、交通评价等一系列关键技术,利用在常州工程实际中获得的实际交通数据,对协同运作的效果进行了仿真评价。本论文从研究方向、技术路线的确定到研究内容开展、模型验证都力求遵循“理论联系实际”的原则,贴近实际的交通管理,希望能够把理论研究的成果能够更好的与交通管理部门的日常管理工作结合起来。更多还原

【Abstract】 Traditional traffic signal control systems adjust the signal to adapt to the change of traffic flow based on the real-time traffic information. However, the adjusted information does not offer to the drivers. For the drivers, traffic signal control is an unpredicted and enforceable system. While traditional traffic guidance system offers dynamic traffic information to the drivers directly, the information is easily accepted. However, the information is only propositional; changing route is often limited by traffic signal control system. The main research of this dissertation aims to actively guide and adjust traffic flow by the cooperation of traffic signal control and traffic guidance system, which have the most influence on traffic flow, within the field of ITS(Intelligent Traffic System). Thus, it could realize a more scientific and reasonable traffic signal control and traffic guidance, and realize the integrated closed-loop-control of traffic signal control and traffic guidance to alleviate traffic congestion.The cooperation between traffic signal control and traffic guidance’s research in this dissertation is not the first in the world.Recently, experts in and out of China has focused on that in the enviornment of ITS, both of traffic signal control and traffic guidance systems have influenced on the changes of traffic flow.Some of these experts tried to analyze and describe the cooperation mechanism of the two system , established some models and achieved good simulation results.However, when combined this models with the real projects, some of the shortcomings are exposed that these models are too complexed, the solving time is too long and the output of model are too different from the field situations.All of these made the successful case of cooperation between traffic signal control and traffic guidance is too few and still remains at the stage of theory discussion.Though the research and analysis of evolution mechanism of traffic flow and the investigation into drivers, it is discovered that it is quite difficult to describe traffic flow evolution process and determine the cooperation aims with accurate mathematical models.The drivers always have a certain kind of patience with the traffic congestion.While the drivers’characteristics are varying from drivers to drivers, the differences are large and unpredicted.What’s more, VMS location has very important influence on traffic guidance effect and the content of VMS always determine the influence scope. On basis of these two discovery and recognition, this disseration tries best to get rid of the ides of pursuing the optimal solution, and establishes a cooperation model,which is suitable for real project and is fastly to solve. This model adjusts the traffic conditions within a certain range of roadnetwork based on the realtime traffic information feedback, so as to make the traffic conditions always remains within the endurance range.Whether the influence on traffic flow is from traffic signal control or from traffic guidance system, they are all influence on drivers. The drivers’behavior under traffic information determines the changes of traffic flow.This dissertation firstly uses the dynamic game theory model——stackelberg model to discuss the drivers’route selection behavior under multi-resource information, which establishes theory basis for the later models.Dynamic Traffic Assignment (DTA) is an important theory basis for traffic signal control and traffic gudiance.Traditional DTA is to analyze the optimal traffic flow assignment mode under the condition that the traffic supply is alreay known, and to assign the produced traffic demand reasonabley by some certain of control modes and gudiance strategies from the time and space dimension. Therefore, the traffic roadnetwork may operate efficiently and the whole capacity could be used.On the one hand, according to some roadnetwork equilibrim rules, traffic assignment could obtain the optimal traffic flow distribution mode, which could be used as the gudiance decision basis for traffic guidance system.The traffic flow obtained by traffic assignment could be use as input of traffic control optimization.On the other hand, traffic control and traffic gudiance are the realization of dynamic traffic assignment. In reality, there are some difficulties in DTA, such as large computation, complexed models, difficult to application.In order to solve the above questions, this dissertation creatively proposes a region real time dynamice traffic assignment theory,in which, the aim is not to find the optimal solution of the roadnetwork, but to keep the traffic conditions of the roadnetwork within the acceptable range.What’s more, corresponding to the signal control subregions, it controls the intersections within the scale of 1-20.In the models,it considers the factors that do not be affected by traffic gudiance such as bus or other fixed route vehicles.Therefore, it make the region real time DTA theory more suitable for the real roadnetwork situations. The field test result shows that the region real time DTA theory could get acceptable result within less time and more suitable for field engineering projects.The location of VMS(Variable Message Signs,or CMS changeable Message Signs) on the roadnetwork has played important roles in traffic guidance or signal control coordination effect. Due to its expensive price, it could not be located on a large scale. Considering from the aspect of biggest social benefits and saving investments, a region VMS location optimization model based on principal component analysis with the support of region real time DTA theory is proposed and the rules of VMS location in field projects is summerized.How to use different cooperation control strategy to adapt to different traffic conditions is one of the research focus in this dissertation. On the basis of considering real-time traffic information detection, traffic information processing and guidance compliance rate, evaluation criteria of region traffic conditions are offered. And what’more, the cooperation model and solution algorithm between traffic signal control and traffic guidance under 4 kinds of traffic conditions, such as unblocked, light congestion, medium congestion and blocked congestion are proposed. During the cooperation model, the BRT transit signal priority factors are researched creatively, which considers travel efficiency of both social vehicle and buses.Finally, the evaluation methods of signal control and traffic guidance are proposed, which could give a full and objective evaluation on their cooperation effects.Combining with the field project in Changzhou of Jiangsu province, an cooperation test between traffic signal control and traffic guidance is complished and some evaluations on the implementation effect are offered.The whole dissertation is made up of seven chapters. The first two chapters are summaries, including research background, research significance, research ideas and basic theory introduction of traffic control and traffic guidance;The 3rd to 5th chapters are the key technologies, including region dynamic traffic assignment theory, the optimal VMS location method, cooperation model between traffic signal control and traffic guidance;The 6th chapter focuses on inplementation effects evaluation of cooperation model in field projects; The 7th chapter is the summary of the whole dissertation. According to the field test, it comes to the conclusion that the method proposed by this disseration could realize the cooperation between traffic signal control and traffic gudiance and has better practicality. Thanks to national“863 plan”project——“Researh on Key Technologies of Novel Intelligent Traffic Control System”(No.2006AA11Z228),by which this disseration is supported.更多还原