【作者】 杨锦兴；

【导师】 丁钢；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 比较教育学， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 本文研究的目的在于探讨农村中小学校长领导效能,以及其在提高农村中小学办学效益中起着决定性的作用,试图通过提高农村中小学校长的领导效能达到提高农村学校的办学效益,使农村中小学教育适应农村社会经济发展的时代要求,从而打开农村中小学教育的良性循环链,提高农村人口素质,促进我国农村社会经济的发展。本文研究的意义在于,一是在制约我国农村中小学办学效益的多种因素中,找到一个改进和提高农村学校办学效益的突破口,促进农村中小学教育的发展,提高农村人口素质,为我国新农村建设尽力;二是提出加快农村中小学教育改革,改进农村学校管理,促进农村学校教育发展的政策建议。本文从理论上通过阐述农村中小学校长在农村中小学办学中的地位和作用,说明农村中小学校长领导效能与农村学校效能的关系;农村中小学校长是农村学校的教育者、领导者和管理者,是农村学校管理的组织者和实施者,是农村学校教育改革与发展的引导者。农村中小学校长对农村学校的生存、发展起着至关重要的作用。校长在学校办学、管理过程中的作用决定着学校办学效能。加强农村中小学校长队伍的建设,提高农村中小学校长的办学水平和管理水平已经成为我国农村义务教育管理体制改革和经费投入保障机制改革以后最紧迫的任务。要实现农村小康,就要提高农村人口素质:要提高农村人口素质,必须巩固和提高农村义务教育的普及水平和质量;这就是要求提高农村中小学管理水平和办学效益,促进城乡教育均衡发展,实现农村学校教育使命。所有这些关键都在于改善农村中小学校长领导效能。文章研究的主要问题:假设农村中小学校长的领导效能取决于校长个人素质、校长领导行为以及校长工作环境和条件;那么提高校长领导效能就是要在确保校长个人素质的前提下,为校长工作创造良好环境和条件,建立校长工作标准、规范校长领导行为;同时,建立有效的校长监督和考核评价制度。因此本课题要研究的问题:农村中小学校长领导效能的现状如何?影响农村中小学校长领导效能的因素有哪些?怎样为农村中小学校长创造良好的工作环境和条件?怎样去保障农村中小学校长必备的个人素质?怎样去规范农村中小学校长的领导行为?怎样建立有效的校长监督和考核评价制度?文章的主要观点:学校效能主要取决于校长领导效能,农村中小学校长领导效能的高低在提高农村中小学办学效益中起着决定性的作用;反之,农村中小学办学效益低说明校长领导效能存在问题;从广西情况看,广西农村中小学教育投入与同类地区相比不差,但是广西农村中小学办学效益与教育投入不相称,主要体现在农村中小学的办学效益不高,农村中小学教育对农村经济社会发展的贡献不大。研究其原因关键在于农村中小学校长领导效能不高。研究证明:影响广西农村中小学校长领导效能的因素主要有农村中小学教育投入体制的因素、办学条件的因素、教师队伍的因素、教育教学管理体制的因素以及农村中小学校长自身的因素。概括起来影响校长领导效能的因素来自三个方面:即校长个人素质、校长领导行为以及校长工作环境和条件。在此基础上,论文提出了改善农村中小学校长领导效能的策略:从教育管理体制上看,要深化农村义务教育管理体制改革,完善“以县为主”农村义务教育管理体制,落实地方政府的办学责任;建立新型的政校关系,保障农村中小学自主办学;进一步完善农村中小学校长负责制:建立家庭、社区参与农村中小学办学的新模式。从校长管理制度上看,要依据教育发展的规律和人力资源管理流程要求,完善相应的农村中小学校长管理制度,规范农村校长领导行为,建立有效的校长监督和考核评价制度。从校长个人素质来说,要努力提升农村中小学校长素质,转变其领导方式,促使校长个人的价值观转变为老师、学生们的渴求和行动,以合乎人性的方式激励他们为学校作贡献。更多还原

【Abstract】 The aim of this dissertation is to explore the decisive importance of principals’ leadership efficiency in improving the performance of rural schooling; improving rural schooling performance through enhancing the leadership efficiency of presidents; making rural primary and secondary education in line with rural economic and social development, so as to forge a benign circular for rural education, to improve the quality of rural population and promote rural economic and social development in China.Significance of this study: First, it locates a breakthrough for improving the performance of rural schooling among many constraining factors, advancing the development of rural primary and secondary education and improving the quality of rural population so as to contribute to the building of new countryside; second, it puts forward the proposals of accelerating the reform on rural primary and secondary education, improving management on rural schools and promoting the development of rural education.Through expounding the status and role of principals in rural primary and secondary schooling based on related theories, this dissertation clarifies the relationship between the leadership efficiency and school performance; principals are educators, leaders and managers of rural schools, and they are organizers and practitioners of rural schooling as well as leaders guiding reform and development of rural education. Principals of rural primary and secondary schools play a vital role to the survival and development of the schools. Their role in schooling and management decide on the school performance. To strengthen capacity building of presidents and improve their capabilities in schooling and management have become the most urgent task after the reform on management systems and investment guarantee systems governing rural compulsory education. In order to realize moderately prosperity in rural areas, quality of rural population must be improved; to this end, the popularization and quality of rural compulsory education must be consolidated and improved. For this, management and schooling efficiency must be improved to seek for a balanced development among urban and rural areas so as to realize the mission of rural education. The key to all these issues is to improve the efficiency of leadership of presidents.Major issues in this dissertation: Suppose the leadership efficiency of principals rests with their own qualifications, behaviours, working environment and conditions, then to improve their leadership efficiency is, under the precondition of ensuring their full competence, to create sound working environment and conditions as much as possible for them, establish working rules to regulate their behaviours, at the same time, to set up effective systems on the supervision, examination and evaluation of principals. Therefore, issues this study is to address are: How is the status quo of leadership efficiency of presidents? What are the factors affecting their leadership efficiency? How to create better working environment and conditions for the presidents? How to guarantee their good qualifications? How to regulate their leadership behaviours? How to establish effective systems on the supervision, examination and evaluation of presidents?Points of this dissertation: School performance is mainly decided on by leadership efficiency of principals, which plays a decisive role in improving the schooling performance. On the contrary, low schooling performance testifies possible weaknesses in principals’ leadership efficiency. For example, investment in rural primary and secondary education in Guangxi is no less than the investment in other similar provinces; however, the schooling performance in Guangxi fails in satisfying expectations. In specific, rural schooling performance is poor, and rural primary and secondary education contributes little to rural economic and social development. The key reason lies in the poor leadership efficiency of their principals.Studies have proved that factors affecting leadership efficiency include investment mechanism, necessary conditions for schooling, teaching staff, teaching and management mechanism as well as competence of their principals. To sum up, there are three factors affecting principals’ leadership efficiency, i.e. personal qualifications, leadership behaviours and working environment and conditions. Based on these factors, this dissertation puts forward strategies to improving leadership efficiency of principals in rural areas. From the perspective of education management system, reform on rural compulsory education system should be deepened, management system on "county-centred" rural compulsory education should be improved and responsibilities of local governments should be clarified; establish new type of politics-schooling relationship to ensure independent schooling; further improve principals responsibility system; foster a new mode with participation of family and community in schooling. From the perspective of management system on presidents, relevant systems should be improved in accordance with the rules of education development and human resource development to regulate leadership behaviours of the principals so as to establish effective systems on supervision, examination and evaluation of principals. From the perspective of personal qualifications, efforts should be made to upgrade qualifications of principals and improve their leadership style, so that the principals can better accommodate and serve the interests of teachers and students. Principals should be encouraged, in proper ways, to do more contribution to the school.更多还原