【作者】 胡兴华；

【导师】 陈其荣；

【作者基本信息】 复旦大学 ， 科学技术哲学， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 计算机软件和硬件构成了赛博空间的人机界面,软件开发活动表现为以人机界面为中介的符号互动。在“语言转向”的哲学视域下,从软件技术是符号活动这一特征出发,本文发掘了符号学对于研究软件技术的方法论价值。本文从软件技术历史演变的经验研究为起点,探索软件技术的本体论和软件技术的认识论,尝试解析开源软件的运行机制和知识产权问题,并提出了中国软件产业的若干现实对策。首先,本文从软件技术在半个世纪以来发展过程中的概念、程序设计语言、软件产业及其制度的变迁中,指出其内在的技术主体的实践转向、技术客体的有机论转向和技术工艺的人本趋向等技术要素的演变特征;接着,应用符号学方法论的三元一体观和语形语义语用学分析方法解析软件技术的本质,认为软件技术是对生活世界的符号化和形式化,指出当下的系统论、理念论和形式论的软件技术本体论观点的哲学本体论渊源,进而对这三种传统的软件本体论进行符号学方法论的批判,指出软件技术的本体论——人的符号存在;接着围绕软件开发如何进行的认识论研究,分析从维特根斯坦到哈贝马斯的语用学转向中的符号交往和实践性,指出软件技术的认识论——符号实践论,分析了符号实践活动生产知识的模型,并运用该模型来解析开源软件的运行机制;接着围绕开源软件的知识产权问题,指出知识产权制度的基础主义知识论根源,并倡导建立平衡原则的软件知识产权制度的建议;最后联系中国软件产业的现实问题,提出基于符号经济角度的政策建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Computer software and hardware construct the human-machine interface of Cyberspace. The cyberspace interaction is a kind of computer-networks mediated semiotic interaction. So, software design and development activities conducted in cyberspace. From the perspective view of "Linguistic Turn" of philosophy, using computer software’s characteristics of semiotic, we get the semiotic methodology of research in software technology. In the paper,withing the history of the software technology empirical research, the paper explore the software ontology and software epistemology. The paper analyzed open source software operating mechanism and the intellectual property system. Then, the paper analyzed the China’s software industry policy recommendations.Firstly . from the evolution of the concept of software, the programming language, the software industry and system and so on in the half-century years, we point out its change of the practicality of subject , the organic feature of object, the humanity tread of process and so on. Secondly , applying "semiotic triangle" and syntax, semantics and pragmatics analysis methods, on the base of it, we analyzed the nature of software technology. We point out that that software technology is the life world’s semiotic and formalization. We point out the philosophic origins of the current view of the nature of software technology(systematicism, theory of idea and formalism) . Through the semiotic critique of current view on the software ontology, We conclude the software ontology of the semiotics ontology ; Thirdly, on the topic of software’s development the epistemology of research , we analysis the pragmatic turn from Wittgenstein to Habermas, we point out that practical epistemology of semiotics of software technology, and construct semiotic model of knowledge production, and analysis the operating mechanisms of open source software; Fourthly, on the open source software intellectual property issues , we said that the philosophic source of the intellectual property system is the theory of knowledge , and advocated the interest balance principle of intellectual property law; Lastly, viewing on the reality of China’s software industry problem, we make several policy recommendations based on the semiotics economy perspective.更多还原