【作者】 王红涛；

【导师】 杨起； 刘大锰；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学（北京） ， 能源地质工程， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 本文在分析研究河南稠油油藏地质特征和开发现状的基础上,通过研究稠油油藏注蒸汽开发过程中的高温相渗特征、润湿特性变化、原油物性变化、储层物性变化以及水岩、水液反应,总结分析了稠油油藏注蒸汽开发过程中的储层伤害机理及物性变化规律,在此基础上提出了改善蒸汽驱开发效果的措施。首先,通过对稠油油藏储层注蒸汽驱替机理进行研究,根据普通稠油、特稠油和超稠油热水驱及蒸汽驱实验结果,研究了稠油油藏注蒸汽后高温相渗变化特征。注蒸汽使得油藏温度升高造成岩心亲水能力增强,束缚水饱和度增加,可流动水减少,原油粘度急剧降低,油膜变薄,可流动油饱和度增加。其次,利用高温物模实验研究了稠油油藏注蒸汽过程中的水岩反应、水液反应和注蒸汽后沥青沉积引起的储层变化。采用色质和三维荧光分析技术研究了原油性质变化特征,水淹层与未水淹层相比原油组份中轻烃明显减少,重烃类沥青质含量大量增加。最后,采用压汞、铸体、电镜、粒度分析等方法,全面研究了注蒸汽后储层孔隙结构变化特征和物性参数变化规律。根据储层注蒸汽前后物性变化规律,结合稠油油藏开发后期储层的变化特点,提出了治理储层伤害、提高开发效果的技术对策。三年来,井楼、古城油田热采区块开发后期应用治理储层伤害技术对策后,累积增油9.4138×10~4t,累积油汽比达到了0.36,增油效果显著。该技术为“十五”期间稠油热采区块开发后期挖潜、进一步提高采收率提供了技术支撑,具有广阔的推广应用前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 According to geology characteristics and recovery processes of heavy oil reservoirs in Henan oil field, some experiments, such as oil-water and gas-liquid relative permeability behavior, wetting behavior, variations of petroleum components and physical properties, alteration of formation properties, water-rock reactions and water-liquid reactions, are carried out to summarize the mechanisms of formation damages in heavy oil reservoirs during injection steam. At last, the measures of improving recovery efficiency are brought forward aiming at formation damages during injection steam in heavy oil reservoir.Firstly, recovery mechanisms of steam flooding are researched to analyze high-temperature relative permeability behavior according to the displacement experimental results on conventional heavy oil, extra heavy oil and super heavy oil during injection steam and hot water. Reservoir temperature gradually increases to result in variation of rock surface wettability from oil wetting to water wetting. Therefore, irreducible water saturation increases and residual oil saturation gradually decreases as reservoir temperature increases.Secondly, physical simulation experiments at high temperature are employed to studied formation damages resulting from water-rock reactions, water-liquid reactions and asphalt deposition during steam injection. The content of light hydrocarbon obviously decreases but the content of heavy hydrocarbon and asphalt largely increases in steam swept formation during steam injection.Thirdly, the methods such as mercury penetration, casting sample, scanning electron micrographs, grain size analysis and etc are utilized to analyzed variations of pore structure and formation properties during steam injection. Many new effective technologies are promoted to decrease formation damages and to increase recovery efficiency according to the mechanisms of formation damages and variations of reservoir properties during steam injection.Because new technologies were employed in Jinglou and Gucheng oil field in the lastst three years, accumulative oil production got to 9.4138×10~4t and accumulative oil-steam ratio was to over 0.36. The technologies can be widely applied in enhanced oil recovery during injection steam in heavy oil reservoirs.更多还原