【作者】 吴仕岩；

【导师】 张寿庭；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学（北京） ， 资源产业经济， 2009， 博士

【摘要】 目前现有关于住房发展的研究大多集中在住房商品化、住房市场发展和住房规划设计这些话题,很少有讨论城市环境随住宅发展的动态变化和人与自然之间的新秩序。对住宅发展和环境影响的科学分析需要一个科学系统的理论框架。因此,对于具体的住宅开发项目,在我国当前建设用地供需矛盾急剧加剧的非常时期,从规划、建设、管理等方面重视环境价值并采取定量化手段开展其环境成本构成及其核算体系的理论和实践研究,显得更具有紧迫性。本研究基于系统论和环境成本的角度,采用系统分析法、文献归纳法、综合分析法,定量和定性相结合,进行理论分析和模型分析,探索我国城市化发展新形势下住宅开发环境成本问题及其调控措施。通过研究,取得以下主要成果: 1.基于城市住宅开发项目特点,分析了城市住宅开发环境影响问题,探讨了城市住宅开发环境成本问题产生的原因。在此基础上,基于价值链分析方法对城市住宅开发环境成本进行了科学界定,分析了城市住宅开发环境成本的特点,同时,明晰了城市住宅开发环境成本与其影响因素之间的关系。2.基于城市住宅开发环境成本计量模式的研究思路,在总结归纳一般环境成本计量模型和价值链分析的基础上,提出了不同分类环境成本的住宅开发环境成本计量模型;基于环境成本进行城市住宅开发投资经济分析。3.基于环境绩效评估的内涵,提出城市住宅开发环境绩效评估研究思路。以“压力-状态-响应”(P- S-R)概念框架模型为理论支撑,建立了环境绩效评估指标体系结构框架。在明确城市住宅开发环境绩效评估指标体系原则的基础上,基于层次分析法构建了城市住宅开发环境绩效评估指标体系。提出了城市住宅开发环境绩效模糊综合指数法和城市住宅开发环境绩效环境优值两种评估模型。4.在分析我国传统住宅产业特征的基础上,基于环境成本观,提出城市住宅开发产业转型的方向,构建了城市住宅开发产业新模式。即:以重构城市住宅土地开发成本体系为基准;以城市住宅土地开发经济分析和环境成本绩效考核为依据;以循环经济为导向,构建生态型城市住宅开发产业新模式。从政策、技术、管理三个视角,提出了实现城市住宅开发产业模式转型的保障举措。更多还原

【Abstract】 Now the existed research on housing development are more concentrated in the commercialization of housing, housing market development and housing planning and design, there is little discussion of the urban environment dynamic change with the residential areas development and the new order between the people and the nature. And therefore, a systematic theoretical framework is needed for the scientific analysis of the residential areas development and the environmental impacts. For the specific residential development projects, it is becoming more and more urgent for more attention to environmental values and the quantitative methods are required to conduct environmental costs accounting system research during an extraordinary time of a sharp contradiction between supply and demand for construction land in our country. In this study, based on the system theory and the environmental costs, methods of systematic analysis, literature inductive, general analysis are employed. And the theoretical analysis and model analysis is carried out quantitatively and qualitatively to explore the costs of residential areas environment questions and its control measures under the new situation of urbanization in China. Through research, the following major conclusions are concluded: Firstly, based on the characteristics of urban residential development projects, an analysis of the environmental impacts of urban residential development and the cause for the costs of residential development environment is explored. On this basis, the value chain analysis method is adopted for the scientific definition of the urban residential areas development environment costs, and the environment costs of the urban residential development features are analyzed, at the same time it is explored for the connection between the environment costs of the urban residential areas development and the influencing factors. Secondly, according to research directions of the measurement model of urban residential areas development environment costs, the general environment costs measurement models are summarized, and two kinds of the environment costs measurement models is proposed. The value chain analysis is employed in this study. And the economic investment analysis for the urban residential development is carried out. Thirdly, based on the connotation of environmental performance evaluation, the environmental performance assessment of urban residential areas development and the principles for the environmental performance assessment indicator system is proposed. It is established for the environmental performance assessment index system on the basis of the "pressure - state - response" (P-S-R) model conceptual framework and the analytic hierarchy process. And the Fuzzy Aggregative Index Method and the Environmental Merit Method for the environmental performance assessment of urban residential areas development are proposed in this study. Finally, the characteristics of China’s traditional housing industry is analyzed. It is proposed for the transformation direction of the urban residential areas development industry and a new model of residential areas development industry based on the environmental costs. That is to say, the urban residential areas development cost is reconstructed for the baseline system, and the economic analysis of the urban residential areas development and the performance appraisal of the environmental costs is carried out for the base, and the eco-city residential areas development industry new model is proposed based on the circular economy. And in the last, the implementation of urban residential areas development industry transformation mode is put forward from the policy, the technology, and the management perspectives.更多还原