【作者】 陈佳；

【导师】 陈燕；

【作者基本信息】 大连海事大学 ， 交通运输规划与管理， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 在交通运输业已形成基本运输网络的今天,交通运输现代建设要充分考虑挖掘运输潜能、提高效率、降低成本,而信息化建设则是帮助实现交通物流现代化的必然途径。正确的开发方法是保证信息系统开发的成功的关键,本文采用系统的观点,将“自顶向下”的定性分析和“自底向上”的量化分析相结合,统计分析和评价分析相结合,对不同的开发方法作用于信息系统开发过程开展研究工作。(1)开发方法作用机理的定性分析。本文从信息系统开发的前与后、系统逻辑层面与物理层面角度将开发过程划分为四个象限,提出开发方法的六个作用域,从四个象限和六个作用域中定性分析了各种方法的不同特征,指出了各种方法作用下对信息系统开发所产生的不同效果。(2)开发方法作用的统计分析。本文从软件能力成熟度模型(Capacity MaturityModel——CMM)的开发过程关键域和信息系统综合评价的热点问题中得到受开发方法影响的因子集,以三个采用不同开发方法指导下的信息系统开发过程文档数据为研究基础,进行统计分析,得出模块类型、模块的逻辑复杂度、开发人员的分析设计技能、花费在模块分析设计上的时间以及文档的规范化程度对系统开发质量和效率有着重要的影响,并开发过程效率的影响力为三分之一的重要结论。(3)开发方法作用下的信息系统综合评价分析。本文从整体角度,建立了信息系统开发的综合评价指标体系。在对各种评价方法的特点进行研究的基础上选择数据包络分析方法,建立了评价模型和超效率模型,对三个采用不同开发方法开发出的信息系统进行评价,得出三个系统均为DEA有效和面向对象方法为最有效的结论。通过减少评价指标,对信息系统开发过程进行多次的评价,寻找影响开发过程的核心因素,得出信息系统开发方法选择的指导性结论。(4)设计模式在信息系统功能优化设计中的实证分析。本文在三个系统中选择具有代表性的功能模块,分别从复杂模块的优化设计、领域内通用组件的优化设计以及跨领域的通用组件优化设计等方面,给出了设计模式作用下的优化设计方案,定性分析了优化设计结果。更多还原

【Abstract】 Transportation networks have been well developed in China nowadays. How to fully excavate the potent of transportation, raise the efficiency and lower the cost must be carefully planned before construction. Information system building is the necessity of modern transportation and logistics. In light of this, the dissertation studies the development from a systematic view. A "top-down" qualitative-analysis and a "down-top" quantitative-analysis, Statistic and estimation analysis are combined used in the research to observe the action of different developing methods on different type of information system developing processes.(1) The qualitative analysis of functional mechanism of developing methodThe information system developing process is divided into four quadrants by pre and post information system developing, system logical and physical layer. Six functional domains are identified. Different characters of the methods are analyzed in the four quadrants and the six domains on a qualitative level. Different effects on information system developing under the direction of different methods are also discussed.(2) The statistic analysis of the functional mechanism of developing methodsDeveloping-method-sensitive factor set is summarized from the key process domains in CMM (Capacity Maturity Model) and the issues which most frequently discussed in information system overall evaluation fields. Data is collected from the information-system-developing-process documents of three systems which base on different developing method. Statistic analysis is made. It is concluded that the type of module, the logical complexity of module, the analysis and design ability of developer, time cost on module analysis, and the normalization of documents have important impact on the developing quality and efficiency. Furthermore, the influence of these factors to the efficiency of the whole developing process is found to be 1/3.(3) The overall evaluation and analysis of the functional mechanism of information system A comprehensive evaluation-indicator system of information system developing is established based on a systematic view. The DEA method is used to establish the input evaluation model and the super-efficiency model established base on the studies on the characters of several evaluation methods. Based on the relative efficiency analysis of three information system developed by three different methods, it is concluded that the DEA of three systems are all effective and the Object-Oriented method is found to be most effective. Furthermore, instructive conclusions are drawn by reducing evaluation indicators and after multiple-round evaluation to find the key factors in the information system developing process.(4) The empirical study on the function of design pattern on the optimization design of information systemRepresentative function models are selected from three systems. Optimized design plan based on design pattern is proposed respectively on the optimization of complex module design, the optimization of domain common component design, and the optimization of cross-domain common component design. Qualitative analyses are also given to the optimized design result.更多还原