【作者】 张艳；

【导师】 张于峰； 诸凯；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 热能工程， 2007， 博士

【摘要】 对蕴藏于交叉学科领域内基础问题的深入研究常常是促成边缘学科飞速发展的重要环节,本文用热科学方法对传统医学的舌诊机理进行了深入研究。以真实人舌血管铸型和实际传热状况下获取的舌体三维温度场作为技术平台,对舌体表观状态与生物传热特性的关键问题做了深层次研究,包括影响舌体温度场变化的机制与中医舌象的关系。从研究生物体信息的多维获取和综合分析方法入手,探索从舌体信息反映证候状况活动规律的科学性。生物体的血管分布形态和传热特性对舌面温度场有显著影响。以血管铸型为基础建立真实的生物体组织模型,通过计算血液和组织的耦合传热,重构生物体三维温度场是一种新的计算方法。然而人体器官血管铸型的获取绝非易事,采用血管铸型进行生物体三维温度场重构计算的方法将受到制约。围绕上述研究,本文工作重点主要包括:(1)提出适合人体动脉血管树模拟的分步方法,生成人舌三维动脉血管树;(2)分析分支结构对血液换热的影响,并拟合得到血液的Nu数函数;(3)用提出的血管树模拟方法建立人舌三维动脉血管树物理模型,使用拟合得到的血液Nu数公式,建立重构人舌温度场的数学模型,并据此计算得到人舌三维温度场;(4)以中医认定“血瘀证”、“血虚证”以及健康人的红外热像为模板,与用数值计算方法获取的三维温度场进行对比,通过多参数的变异,探索生物传热与中医舌诊理论的相关性。研究结果表明:用本文提出的分步模拟血管树方法生成的血管树符合人舌血管树的实际结构,而且可以通过修改血管树分支指数的取值建立血虚、血瘀人舌的血管树模型;血管分支结构中血液速度、温度、Nu数与直管段明显不同,且半径比、分支角、分支血管半径、分支血液流速对速度、温度及Nu数分布有明显影响;蒸发散热是舌面主要散热方式;用本文建立的人舌传热数学模型,由数值计算得到的血瘀、健康、血虚人舌的温度场,其舌面温度分布规律与测量得到的人舌红外热像基本一致;根血管入口位置、舌体代谢热、舌面参考湿度的改变可能是导致不同证候舌面温度具有不同分布规律的主要原因。论文的创新点在于:(1)提出了适合人舌动脉血管树的分步模拟方法,用此方法可替代血管铸型实验;(2)拟合得到了血管分支结构中血液的Nu数公式;(3)以分步模拟方法获得的人舌动脉血管树为物理模型,对中医血瘀、血虚证以及健康人舌的温度场进行了数值模拟,并与相应测量热像进行了对比,量化研究了生物传热与中医舌诊理论的相关性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Research deeply in the basis problem of the interdisciplinary field can cause fast development of borderline subject. In this dissertation the mechanism of tongue inspection in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is explored from the point of view of thermal science.Based on simulation the 3D temperature field method in real vessel shape and real heated state, the superficial state and sixty-four-dollar question about bio-heat transfer has been studied, including the relationship of tongue manifestation and the variation rule of the tongue temperature field. By acquiring the information about organism by many mediums and analyzing synthetically, whether or not the information of tongue can reflect TCM syndrome was discussed. The vascularity and heat transfer of vessel tree has marked influence on the temperature field. Simulation the 3D temperature field of organisms is a new mathematic method as the conjugated transfer of heat is taken into account and the model of real tongue is constructed on the basis of vessel cast. However the vessel cast of human organ can not obtain easily, so this simulation method is limited which based on the vessel cast.The emphases of this paper include: i) the stepwise method was proposed which was fitted for the generation the lingual arterial trees of human, and a 3D arterial trees model of human tongue was constructed. ii) The influence of the furcated configuration on the heat transfer of blood was analysed, and the Nusselt number function was obtained by fitting. iii) A mathematic model of lingual temperature field of human was proposed in which the arterial tree of human tongue formed by the stepwise method was set as physical model and the Nusselt number function was used. The 3D temperature field of human tongue was obtained by this model. iv) The temperature distribution of the surface of tongue of different people was measured by infrared thermal imager, including healthy people, people with blood stasis syndrome and people with blood deficiency syndrome. And these infrared thermal images were compared with the 3D temperature field of human tongue obtained by numerical simulation in order to quest for the pertinence between the mechanism of tongue inspection in TCM and bio-heat transfer.Research results indicate that: i) the 3D arterial tree of human tongue formed by the stepwise method was in accord with the real configuration of lingual arterial trees of human. The arterial model of blood deficiency human tongue and blood stasis human tongue could be constructed by modifying the bifurcation exponent of vessel trees. ii) The distribution of velocity, temperature and the Nusselt number of blood in the furcated configuration was different with that in a straight tube. And the bifurcation ratio, the furcated angel, the radius and velocity of branching vessel had a marked influence on the distribution of velocity, temperature and the Nusselt number. iii) The export heat by vaporizing was the primary export heat. iv) By using the mathematic model of lingual temperature field of human propsed by this paper, the lingual temperature field of healthy people, blood stasis syndrome people and blood deficiency syndrome people were obtained. The rule of temperature distribution of the tongue surface gained by simulation was same with that of infrared thermal images. v) The mainly reason why the lingual temperature field of different TCM syndromes has different rules was the change of the position of root segment entrance, metabolic heat of tongue tissue, and the reference humidity of tongue surface.The innovations of this paper lie in the following. i) The stepwise method was proposed which was fitted for the generation the lingual arterial trees of human. This method can substitute the vessel cast experiment. ii) The Nusselt number function of the blood in the furcated configuration was obtained by fitting. iii) Using the arterial tree of human tongue formed by the stepwise method as physical model, the lingual temperature field of healthy people, blood stasis syndrome people and blood deficiency syndrome people were simulated. And these results were compared with the infrared thermal images in order to research the pertinence between the mechanism of tongue inspection in TCM and bio-heat transfer.更多还原