【作者】 李建斌；

【导师】 张颀；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 建筑设计及其理论， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 在全球化进程日益加速的时代背景下,传统文化面临着巨大的挑战和新的发展机遇,如何继承和发扬本民族优秀的传统建筑文化,是本文的写作初衷。当前我国面临着建筑能耗过大的困境,对于改善这种状况的思考是每一位建筑师的责任。尽管目前我国的建筑数量巨大,但是建筑创作整体水平相对较低的状况是不争的事实,从优秀的传统建筑和国外实践中获得启示是提高我国建筑创作水平的重要方法之一。本文试图以传统民居生态经验的应用为突破点进行相关研究。中国传统民居是古人在应对自然和社会制约因素的长期建筑实践中形成的劳动产物,其中蕴涵了大量生态营建经验。这些宝贵的经验不仅表现为具体的设计措施,还包括抽象的设计观念和设计思维。因此,对传统民居生态经验在我国当代建筑创作中的应用研究一方面是为了传承和发展我国优秀的建筑文化,另一方面也是希望通过提高我国建筑生态设计水平来改善当前能耗过高的问题。本文的创新之处在于:针对中国传统民居生态营建经验,本文在对文献和实物综合研究的基础上,详细分析了选址与群体营建、空间与形态营建、材料与细部营建等多个层面的生态营建特征和设计规律,据此提出了传统民居营建的“整体”、“应变”、“适中”、“情景交融”的生态设计思维。针对西方传统民居和当代实践,本文在考察传统民居生态经验生成的基础上,系统地分析了西方自然观近代生态转化的各个阶段对民居生态经验应用的影响,进而提出当前西方民居生态经验应用实践的三种类型:改良型、融合型、超越型,并从基本概念、设计策略、应用价值、典型建筑师的实践等角度分别进行了深入研究,论述了西方传统民居生态经验的应用实践表现出的设计理念、生态策略、具体方法等内容。针对我国当前建筑创作,本文深入分析了我国民居生态经验应用实践的状况及存在的问题。从中国传统民居生态经验生成和西方传统民居生态经验应用两个方面阐述了对我国建筑创作的启示,提出当前的设计对策:政策法规应逐步健全、生态教育应逐渐提升、注重文化和技术的融合、最终创造含有丰富文化意义的具有生态性能的建筑。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the stronger and stronger globalization, the traditional culture will be faced to enormous challenges and new opportunity for development. The original intention of writing is how to inherit and carry forward the national traditional architecture culture. At present, China faces to situation of great building energy consumption. For improving the situation, every architect should consider it. Although there is the huge amount of construction in China, the fact is that architecture design in general is still at relatively low status. It is an important way for the Chinese architecture design getting enlightenment from traditional building and foreign practice.the paper focus on traditional dwellings’eco-experience as breakthrough in research.Chinese traditional dwelling is the labor prodection by ancient in long-term practice in response to natural and social constraints, which include lots of eco-experience. The value of it is not only concrete design measures but the abstract design concepts and thinking. The meaning of study on generation and application of the eco-building experience in taditional dwellings, therefore, one hand is development of Chinese traditional architectural culture, the other is improvement the building-energy issue by raising building eco-design ability. The new points are:For the traditional Chinese traditional dwellings, on the basis of comprehensive analysis to objective and document, from different angles, such as site selection and construction groups, space and form of construction, materials and details, the paper put forward some eco-thinking for design, which are "Integrity", " Accommodating", " Harmony”, "Integration scene and emotion " .For Western traditional dwellings and practice, on the base of generation of eco-experience, the paper analysis it’s influence in the process of the nature concept ecological conversion. Then, three types of practice on application of traditional dwellings’eco-experience were brought forward, which is“Improved”,“Fusion”, and“Beyond”, from the basic concept, design strategies, value of and the practice of typical architect. The paper, then, expounds the design concept, the ecological strategy, and the concrete methods and so on.For the current architectural creation, the problems about situation were found. From the generation of Chinese Traditional DwellingsEco-Experience and its practice of application in Western, the paper shows some enlightenment and design strategies for Chinese architectural creation, which are policies and regulations should be gradually improved, ecological education levels should be gradually increased, the integration of technology and culture, and creating the Architecture with Eco-Character and rich cultural meaning更多还原