【作者】 黄国华；

【导师】 聂华；

【作者基本信息】 北京林业大学 ， 林业经济管理， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 花卉产业是集经济效益、社会效益和生态效益于一体的绿色产业,是我国大中城市发展中的重要产业,在现代都市农业中具有重要地位,在美化城市、提升市民文化修养等方面起着特殊的不可替代的作用。北京市的花卉业经过近三十年的发展,由一家一户的小农经济发展为初具市场经济形态特点的产业,逐步步入产业化发展之路,花卉的现代化生产设施规模及栽培技术都位于国内前茅,成为我国重要的盆花生产中心之一、我国重要的花卉生产和物流中心之一。总体来看,北京市花卉业发展非常迅速,市场需求大,产值高,在国民生产总值中所占的比例不断提升,对改善农民收入,安排农民就业,解决“三农”问题起到了促进作用。近年来北京市花卉业的发展进入新的阶段,既进入了稳定与调整时期,又面临着一些问题,主要体现在供需结构、生产、技术应用、产业化、政策与保障等方面。研究和解决这些问题,不仅具有理论意义而且具有重要的现实意义。要解决这些新问题,必须在全面摸清北京花卉业家底的基础上,运用科学的经济理论,进行全面、全新的研究、规划与调整。为此,本文综合运用经济学理论,围绕如何做大做强北京花卉产业,采用宏观分析与微观分析相结合、实证分析与规范分析相结合、定量分析与定性分析相结合、比较分析等多种方法对北京市花卉产业发展进行研究。论文在广泛查阅国内外花卉产业研究与发展文献的基础上,确定了严谨的研究方法与思路,广泛深入地开展了生产者调查、经营者调查、消费者调查、管理者调查与专家走访,累计发放问卷5000余份,全面分析了北京市花卉产业现状与发展环境,以科学的经济建设与产业发展的理论与方法为指导,借鉴国内外花卉产业发达地区的先进经验,对北京花卉产业的定位与发展思路、发展路径、创新发展、竞争力与评价、政策机制与保障体系等重点问题进行了较为全面的研究。论文共分十一章,分别是(1)绪论;(2)北京花卉产业发展的理论依据与分析;(3)北京花卉产业发展现状研究;(4)北京市花卉供给与需求调查;(5)国内外花卉产业发展研究;(6)北京花卉产业发展的定位与发展思路;(7)北京花卉产业发展的综合竞争力研究;(8)北京花卉产业发展的创新研究;(9)北京花卉产业发展的政策研究;(10)北京花卉产业发展的保障体系研究;(11)结论。论文确立了理论经济学、应用经济学、社会与时代特征三个理论依据,抓住产业与区域发展的基本规律,借鉴农业产业结构优化与都市农业发展的理论实践经验,紧密结合科学发展观,融合当前社会主义新农村建设的背景,为北京花卉产业的发展奠定了坚实的理论基础。论文从自然条件、花卉历史和社会条件与人文环境等方面全面地分析了北京花卉发展的条件。突出介绍了基于三个调查:生产者调查、消费者市场、花卉流通渠道(企业和批发、零售市场)和全面掌握生产与销售等相关数据而总结出花卉需求特征,分析了北京花卉业发展中存在的问题的制约因素。论文选择上海、云南、首尔等国内外花卉发达地区作为比较对象,从外围的角度就消费规模、生产模式、流通体系等方面进行实证性比较研究,指出北京花卉产业的发展必须以创新为主要手段,在定位、思路、竞争力、政策与保障体系等方面实现新的发展。结合北京市关于花卉产业的政策沿革,借鉴北京市花卉产业的发展历史,吸收国内外发展花卉产业的经验,对北京花卉业的发展从宏观和微观两个方面进行了定位分析,从遵循经济规律、结合都市农业、融入首都经济、充分发挥优势等方面提出北京市花卉产业科学发展、特色发展、整体发展、优势发展的基本思路,即“以经济学理论及为科学发展观为指导,围绕社会主义新农村建设,把北京花卉业纳入都市农业的范畴,统筹规划,重点发展,充分利用科技、消费、出口优势,全面做好花卉产业的发展工作”,为提高北京花卉业的综合竞争力,制定北京市花卉产业的创新与持续发展奠定了基础。花卉市场竞争遵循农产品市场竞争的一般规律,同时又由于花卉产品自身鲜明的特征决定了其特殊性。基于此,论文对北京花卉产业竞争力和产品竞争力的构成与影响因素进行了全面的分析,提出了提升花卉产业竞争力的思考与对策。创新就是生产力,创新是北京花卉产业发展的核心手段,论文以创新研究为重点,主要从技术创新、生产创新、流通创新、产业链创新、交易方式创新等方面,对北京花卉产业的发展进行了较全面的全新的思考,并提出了具体的创新方法。立足发展需要,论文对北京花卉产业发展的政策现状进行了全面分析,并借鉴国内外花卉产业发达地区的经验,对北京花卉产业发展的政策健全与完善提出了结论性建议,着眼于北京花卉产业的持续发展,做到花卉产品的产业发展,长效经营。此外,论文从人才、科技、信息、组织保障及社会化服务体系建立等方面为花卉产业的发展提供保障方面进行了相关研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 Flower industry is the set of economic, social and ecological benefits in one of the green industry. It’s an important industry of agriculture in medium-sized cities in China, and has an important position in modern urban agriculture. Flower industry plays an irreplaceable special role in beautifying the city and enhancing the people’s cultural self-cultivation.Beijing’s flower industry after more than twenty years of development, one of a small-scale peasant economy in its development as a market economy characterized by the industry, and gradually entered the industrialization of development. Modernization of the flower production facilities size and techniques are located in the cultivation forefront. Beijing’s flower industry becomes an important center of potted flower production, an important flower production and logistics centers. On the whole, the flower industry in Beijing is developing very rapidly, the market demand for large, high-output, the proportion in the gross national product increase. The flower industry also played a promotion role at improving farmers’ income, arranging employment for the fanners, and solving the "three rural" issue.In recent years, the development of Beijing flower industry has reached a new stage, not only a steady period but also facing several problems. These problems mainly reflected in the structure of supplement and requirement, production, technology, industry, policy, security and so on. Researching and solving these problems is not only of the theoretical significance ,but also of great realistic significance .In order to solve these new problems, Beijing must base on finding out the full property of the flower and use the scientific economic theory to do a comprehensive and new study, planning and adjustment.In order to do this, on how to enlarge and strengthen Beijing flower industry, the article uses the economic theory, which combining macro analysis to micro analysis, empirical analysis to normative analysis, and quantitative analysis to qualitative analysis, and a lot of methods to research the development of Beijing flower industry.Papers available in a wide range of domestic and international flower industry research and development on the basis of the documentation. It determines the rigorous research methods and ideas, carries out extensive and in-depth survey of producers, investigation of operators, survey of consumers, investigation of managers, and experts to visit. Through more than 3,000 copies of the questionnaire, this paper analysis the status and environment of flower industry in Beijing. The scientific and economic development of the theory and methodology as the guide, learning advanced experience from domestic and foreign the flower industry developed areas, it studies comprehensively of Beijing’s flower industry development ideas, the path of development, the development of innovation, competitiveness and evaluation, policies and mechanisms, security system and other key issues.Paper is divided into eleven chapters, namely the introduction (1)Introduction; (2)the theory and analysis of the development of Beijing flower industry; (3)the empirical research of the development of Beijing flower industry; (4)the survey of flower demand and supply; (5)the research of the flower industry development of other countries; (6)the position and development ideas of the development of Beijing flower industry; (7)the comprehensive competitiveness study of the development of Beijing flower industry; (8)the innovative research of the development of Beijing flower industry; (9)the policy research of the development of Beijing flower industry; (10)the protection system of the development of Beijing flower industry; [11]conclusion.Papers establish three basic theories in foundation economics, applied economics, social and time characteristics, seizing the basic law of the industry and regional development, learning from the theory and practical experience in optimizing the industrial structure of agriculture and urban development theory of practical, being in close connection with the scientific concept of development, integrating the background of current building the new socialist countryside, and has laid a solid theoretical foundation for the development of Beijing’s flower industry.This paper analyzes the condition of the flower industry development from the natural conditions, flower history, social conditions and human environment. It focuses on the flower demand characteristics, which is based on the producer survey, consumer market research, flower circulation channels (business, wholesale and retail markets) and complete control of production and sales data, and analysis the constraints of problems during the flower industry developing in Beijing.Papers to choose Shanghai, Yunnan, Seoul flowers at home and abroad as compared with the target areas, from the external point of view on the scale of consumption, production, circulation system, and other aspects of comparative empirical research, pointing out that Beijing’s flower industry development must be based on innovation as the main tool, by the position of thinking, competitiveness, security system and policies in such areas to achieve new development.Unifying the policy evolution and historical development of Beijing flowers and plants industry, and absorbing the domestic and foreign development experience in flowers and plants industry, I have carried on the localization analysis about Beijing flowers and plants industry development from macroscopic and the microscopic two aspects, and I also proposed the Beijing flowers and plants industry scientific progress, the characteristic development, the integral development and the superiority development basic mentality from following the economic law, unifying the metropolis agriculture, integrating the capital economically, fully displaying superiority and some other aspects. That is to say, taking the economic theory and Scientific development concept as instruction and regarding socialism new rural reconstruction, the government integrates Beijing flowers and plants industry into the category of metropolis agriculture, overall plan, prioritize, make use of science and technology, expense and export, to develop the flowers and plants industry comprehensively, and also has laid the foundation to enhance the comprehensive competitive power and formulate the innovation and sustained development of Beijing flowers and plants industry.Flower competition in the market follows the general rules while at the same time, it has its own character. Depend on this ,the papers comprehensively analyzed the impact factors of the competitiveness. And put forward the countermeasure.Innovation is productivity the core means of the development of flower industry is innovation .The papers focus on innovation and put forward the specific means mainly from technological innovation, production innovation, the flow of innovation, the industry chain of innovation and innovation approach in areas such as trade.Based on the needs of development, the papers give a comprehensive analysis of the policy about the developing of flower industry in Beijing and give some proposals for improving the policy by drawing lessons from the developed regions. It aimed at the continued development of the Beijing flower industry in order to make the industry improve and have a long prospect.In addition, the papers carry out the research to provide the security for the development of the industry from the talent, technology, information, organizations security and the establishment of social service systems.更多还原