【作者】 张鹤达；

【导师】 毕新华；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 本论文基于企业资源观理论,对IT能力影响企业绩效的机制进行了系统、深入的研究。在相关文献综述的基础上,提出基于“准租”思想的IT能力概念内涵及若干特征,从经济学视角解释了IT能力对企业绩效的正向影响关系。为了加深对研究题目的了解,探索性研究是本论文研究第一步。本论文采集了“中国信息化500强”及上市公司相关数据,基于客观数据实证研究IT能力与企业绩效的关系,运用样本配对比较方法分别检验了IT能力对企业运营、成长性及盈利性绩效的短期和长期影响关系,并发现了IT能力影响影响企业绩效的特点。在梳理有关研究文献的基础上,构建并实证验证了由IT基础设施、IT与组织资源协同能力和IT与战略对应能力组成的IT能力结构模型,并对IT能力的内在作用机制进行了实证分析。提出了“过程性和结果性”的观察企业绩效的新的研究视角,在此基础上首次将成长性绩效用于IT能力与企业绩效的研究,拓宽了基于IT能力的企业绩效分析内涵,细化了包括运营绩效、成长性绩效和财务绩效在内的基于IT能力的企业绩效构成体系,并实证分析了企业绩效不同构面之间的相互作用关系。在此基础上,建立了业务流程转变模式为中间传导机制的IT能力对企业绩效影响机制的理论模型,并利用实证数据验证和修正了模型,最后通过案例分析进一步诠释了理论模型的合理性和可行性。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development the information technology(IT), more and more firms have realized the increasing important strategic value of IT, and invested a lot in IT. However, the performance effects of IT are often inferior to the anticipation. To explain“IT productivity paradox”(Brynjolfsson 1993), since the early 1990s, scholars abroad have begun to conduct some related study of the firm performance caused by IT application from IT capability perspective, and they all tend to emphasize that IT capability is not a specific set of sophisticated technological functionalities.How IT capability can improve firm performance? Which sub-capability is more important? In China context factors may affect the dependent and independent variables? Above all, to explore the underlying mechanism linking IT capability to firm performance in China has not been specified. From the theoretical and empirical analysis to solve these key problems, viz. to explore the nature of IT capability, to reveal the role of internal mechanism and restrictive conditions to firm performance is of far-reaching significance. In recent years some scholars have discussed the impact of IT capability on firm performance, however, the influencing mechanism of IT capability on firm performance is fuzzy. As discussed by Ravichandran and Lertwongsatien:“although previous IS research has examined the contributions of IS resources and capabilities to firm performance, the research is fragmented, and key gaps exist in the literature...”[136, p.242].Based on the research background and survey, the core research is proposed, namely the influencing mechanism of IT capability on firm performance, further, including the relationship between constituent elements of IT capability and different dimensions of firm performance, viz. to solve the“black-box”problems between IT capability and firm performance. This paper focuses on three aspects: first of all, which related firm resources should be combined with IT resources formatted into IT capability, viz. the concept and construct of IT capability. Second, research on the firm performance evaluation system based on IT capability. Third, how IT capability can improve firm performance? viz. to explore the internal linkage and relating framework of IT capability and firm performance. Through theoretical analysis and a survey of previous literature, the concept of resource, capability, IT resource and IT capability is defined at first. Referenced by the mode of "quasi-rent" value creation, the value created by some resources and complementary resources is more than its independent role, this study brings forward the common feature of enhanced performance caused by IT capability and "quasi-rent". IT resources and other related resources can be complementary to each other to produce greater value, and IT capability is a "quasi-rent" capability. This study defines IT capability as a firm’s capability, which is sustainable and dynamic, to mobilize and deploy IT resources, and in combination with other complementary resources effectively to acquire the enhancement of performance. Then the paper discusses the several features of IT capability.Exploratory research is to explore the issue for the purpose of insight or understanding, which is regarded as the first step in the research process, and its role is to help researchers find and understand the situation.This study focuses on the short-term and long-term performance effects of IT capability. A matched-sample comparison group methodology is used to assess IT capability and firm performance.The source of data of this paper samples was collected from the“China Informatization Power 500”(IPower 500) and annual financial reports of listed companies. The results indicate that short-term operational performance of firms that have superior IT capability are higher when compared to the matched firms, while growth and profitability performance are not. And the results also show that the long-term operational, growth and profitability performance of firms that have superior IT capability are higher than firms that have not superior IT capability.The substance of capability in a broad sense is business process. Capability is an abstract concept, and may be specific through business process, viz. business process is the cornerstone of capability. The paper brings up the business process transform mode as mediator, model of influencing mechanism of IT capability on firm performance, which is tested and amended by empirical study.Specifically, the innovation point of this dissertation can be concluded as:1. Puts forward the quasi-rent perspective of IT capability, and reveals the definition and features of IT capability by this perspective, which is the theoretical foundation to analyze the relationship between IT capability and firm performance.2. Puts forward of the construct of IT capability, including IT infrastructure, collaboration capability of IT and organizational resources and alignment capability of IT and strategy, which is tested by empirical study. Analyze the inherent relationship of IT capability empirically, viz. (1) There is a positive relationship between alignment capability of IT and strategy and collaboration capability of IT and organizational resources; (2) There is a positive relationship between alignment capability of IT and strategy and IT infrastructure; (3) There is a positive relationship between collaboration capability of IT and organizational resources and IT infrastructure.3. Brings forward the "process and results" perspective of firm performance. Refine the firm performance evaluation system, including operational performance, growth performance and financial performance, and analyze the relationship of different dimensions of firm performance, viz. (1) Firm operational performance will have a positive effect on growth performance; (2) Firm operational performance will have a positive effect on financial performance; (3) Firm growth performance will not be related to financial performance. Thus establishing operational performanc as the theoretical foundation contribution to growth and financial performance.4. Tests the positive relationship between IT capability and different dimensions of firm performance based on objective and subjective measurement methods, and finds the characteristics of how IT capability affects different dimensions of firm performance.5. Brings forward the business process transform mode as mediator, model of influencing mechanism of IT capability on firm performance, which is tested and amended by empirical study, viz. (1) Efficient improvement of business process will have a positive effect on operational performance; (2) Quality of business process change will have a positive effect on operational performance.6. Find key element of IT capability which affects firm performance through qualitative and Quantitative research, viz. (1) IT infrastructure will have a positive effect on process efficiency, while will not be related to the whole firm performance; (2) Collaboration capability of IT and organizational resources will have a positive effect on firm performance; (3)Alignment capability of IT and strategy will have a positive effect on firm performance. And case study is used to further validate the model.The paper finds the characteristics of how collaboration capability of IT and organizational resources, alignment capability of IT and strategy affect firm performance. The paper also tested operational performance as mediator, the internal channels of influencing mechanism of collaboration capability of IT and organizational resources, alignment capability of IT and strategy on growth performance by empirical study.更多还原