【作者】 王德兵；

【导师】 李世蓉；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 随着计算机技术、网络技术和现代通讯技术在建筑业的广泛应用;随着现代建设项目不断的大型化、集成化和复杂化,新时代的建设项目管理需要有新的组织系统对其支撑。近年来,随着对建设项目管理和制造业虚拟组织的研究和运用为建设项目虚拟组织的产生创造了条件。建设项目虚拟组织是指在建设项目从前期策划到竣工验收的整个阶段内,各参与项目建设的单位(企业)为了实现自身的特定利益和共同目的目标,以现代通信技术、计算机技术和网络技术为手段,通过分工与协作进行能力和资源的整合,贡献自身的核心能力,承担相应的权利和责任而组建的动态的联盟。相对与传统的建设项目组织模式这是一种新的管理模式,其表现在以现代科学技术成果和现代管理理论相结合,实现对市场需求的迅速反应和对管理成本的有效降低,是一种对传统管理模式的升级与创新,从而将会极大的提高建设项目管理水平。本文在汲取建设项目管理领域以及虚拟组织理论的最新研究成果的基础上,将两者结合对建设项目虚拟组织系统进行研究,论文主要从以下几个方面进行了研究:首先,在明确研究背景、目的和意义的条件下,通过大量的文献检索与调查,分析了建设项目虚拟组织的概念和内涵。其次,运用组织系统设计理论,从二元组织理论角度出发,设计了建设项目虚拟组织的组织框架,并进一步对结构化要素和非结构化要素进行了设计;对于建设项目虚拟组织产生的原因,论文从交易成本、博弈论、核心竞争力、集成论和自组织理论几个角度对建设项目虚拟组织的产生进行了理论诠释。第三,针对建设项目虚拟组织组建中最重要的一环——伙伴选择,我们重点研究了合作伙伴选择的定量方法,即提出基于均衡度的灰熵关联度评价方法,并讨论了帕累托有效合同区间和可行合同区间;给出了从综合考虑风险值、边际贡献值以及投资额三方面的利益分配计算模型。第四,对建设项目虚拟组织的协调原理进行了研究,运用博弈论理论建立了协调均衡模型;对组织系统的道德风险进行研究,通过建模讨论了防止重新谈判的合同条件。第五,对建设项目虚拟组织的风险和危机管理进行了研究,提出了风险传递的路径及算法,并运用失败学理论和故障树分析方法研究了建立建设项目虚拟组织风险失败树概念模型和危机预警系统。最后,通过问卷调查的方式对我国实施建设项目虚拟组织的必要性与可行性进行了研究,对我国实施建设项目虚拟组织的市场空间、法律条件进行了分析和探讨。本文的创新之处体现在:结合敏捷制造领域的虚拟组织理论和建设项目管理理论提出了建设项目虚拟组织的概念,并对其相关的概念进行了辨析与区分;提出了联盟块以及核心联盟块的概念,并给出了联盟块的识别方法,对联盟块内合作伙伴的选择提出了基于均衡度的灰熵关联度评价方法;运用博弈论理论对建设项目虚拟组织成员战略博弈进行分析,建立战略均衡和协调均衡模型,并根据信息经济学、合约经济学等相关知识建立了道德风险分析模型;对建设项目虚拟组织的风险管理进行了研究,给出了风险传递的算法,在此基础上研究了风险向危机转换的过程并运用失败学理论研究了建设项目虚拟组织对危机的响应与管理,突破了传统上对项目管理仅局限于对风险管理研究的界限。更多还原

【Abstract】 With computer technology, network technology and modern communication technologies used in construction industry widely, modern construction projects becoming large-scale, integrated and complex, a new management system to support the construction project management in new era is necessary. Many conditions have been created to study virtual organizations system of construction project with researching and using construction project management and virtual manufacturing organization.Virtual organizations system of construction project is a dynamic alliance for realizing their special profit. In this alliance, all of the enterprises will offer their core capacity and turning their hands to right and responsibility by conforming capacity and resource with division of labor and cooperation.The characteristics of this mode are rapid response to market and lower cost of management by integrating the modern scientific and modern management theory. Compared with the traditional construction project organization mode, it is upgrade and innovation for project management. It will greatly improve construction project management level.Based on the last studying production of construction project management and virtual organization theory, virtual organizations system of construction project management was studied in the thesis. Main works and conclusion of study are illustrated in the following paragraphs.First of all, under the pre-requirement of the aims, background and signification, conception and connotation of virtual organizations system of construction project management were researched by investigating and studying literatures.Secondly, based on organization design theory, from ambidextrous organization theory, the organization framework of virtual organizations system of construction project management was designed; moreover structural elements and unstructured elements were designed too. From the view of transaction costs, game theory, core competition capacity, integration theory and self-organizing theory, theory annotation was given.Thirdly, quantitative methods of choosing partners was given in this paper, that is the method of grey entropy relation degree based on equilibrium, which is one of most important steps. Further,Pareto effective and feasible contract intervals were discussed. In addition, calculation model of benefits distribution was gave risk value, marginal contribution value and investment amount.Fourthly, base on game theory, principle of coordination for virtual organizations system of construction project management and coordination equilibrium model were discussed and moral risk in virtual organizations system of construction project management was studied.Fifthly, risk and crisis management in virtual organizations system of construction project management was studied and risk transfer route and arithmetic were gave in the thesis. Further, risk failure tree model and crisis warning system of virtual organizations system of construction project management was established based on failure theory and fault tree analysis method.Lastly, through the survey, we discussed the feasibility and necessity on virtual organizations system of construction project management in China’s construction market and analyzed market space.The innovation of this thesis are represented that it distinguished and analyzed the correlative conception base on integration of virtual organization theory and project management theory; proposed the concept of alliance blocks and core alliance block and gave a recognition method; educed the method of choosing partners through grey entropy relation degree based on equilibrium. Moreover strategy and coordination equilibrium model and moral risk analysis model were established by game theory and information economics and contract economics. Meanwhile risk and crisis management were discussed with risk transfer route and arithmetic.On the basis of the study, the conversion process of risk to the crisis of the virtual organizations system of construction project management was studied and the risk failure tree model was proposed. Relative to traditional project management, this is a breakthrough.更多还原