【作者】 郭晖；

【导师】 罗剑朝；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 农业经济管理， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 区域农村金融生态问题的研究对落实科学发展观、全面建设社会主义和谐社会和新农村具有重要的理论和现实意义。新疆作为欠发达的西部边疆少数民族地区以及农业大省，农村金融的良好发展对农业和农村经济的发展至关重要。改革开放以来，新疆农村金融有了很大的发展，但农村金融生态失衡极大阻碍了新疆农村经济的可持续发展。本研究立足当前新疆农村经济发展形势和农村金融生态现实，通过对新疆农村金融生态的评价，客观描述新疆农村金融生态的实际状况和现实表征，揭示系统各要素之间的互动关系及其对整个系统效率和稳定性的影响，以期深刻认识和准确把握金融生态系统运行规律，并且从市场经济的基本规律出发，探讨优化新疆农村金融生态的途径，为地方政府和决策者提供科学政策设计和有效宏观调控的前提和基础。希望可以弥补当前农村金融生态研究的不足，为农村金融体制改革的决策部门和相关研究学者提供理论参考和技术支持。本研究以金融学、农业经济学、发展经济学、计量经济学等为指导，基于金融生态理论，借鉴国内学者的相关研究，采用实证与规范分析相结合、定性与定量分析相结合的方法，构建农村金融生态评价体系，对新疆农村金融生态发展状况作出客观地描述和评价。并在此基础上，剖析农村金融生态发展的阻滞因素，提出新疆农村金融生态优化的思路和对策。本研究共分为四部分九章。第一部分提出研究背景及意义，对金融生态理论的演进和国内外研究动态作了简要介绍与评述，提出研究思路、方法、内容框架：阐释农村金融生态理论，对农村金融生态进行内涵界定，描述系统特征、结构与功能，并解析了农村金融生态与农村经济发展的互动关系机理。第二部分首先从农村金融机构体系发展、农村金融发展水平分析、农村金融发展与农村经济增长关系的实证分析、农村金融服务需求变化的新特征和趋势等角度对新疆农村金融生态主体的演进及现状做了描述，同时简介新疆农村金融生态调节机制的完善及农村金融生态环境情况。其次，构建农村金融生态评价体系，包括定量评价指标体系和定性评价标准体系，采用层次分析法与模糊综合评判法相结合的方法进行定量评价，采用问卷调查法进行定性评价，并设计农村金融生态综合评价模型，对新疆农村金融生态状况进行综合评价。此外，运用进步指数揭示新疆农村金融生态近年发展变化趋势，采用对比指数对新疆农村金融生态状况与全国平均水平进行比较分析。农村金融发展水平与农村法治信用环境对农村金融生态的影响程度较大，新疆农村金融生态处于一般水平等级状态，从时间趋势上看总体进步指数得到提高，并且接近于全国农村金融生态发展的平均水平。第三部分首先在新疆农村金融生态评价结果的基础上，剖析新疆农村金融生态建设的制约因素，主要表现在新疆农村经济环境弱化、农村金融资源供求失衡、农村金融风险转移与补偿机制缺失、农村金融市场缺乏自我调节机制、农村金融生态环境恶化等五个方面；进而提出优化新疆农村金融生态的总体方案，包括优化目标、内容、现实意义、指导思想、原则和思路，并着重探讨新疆农村金融生态的优化对策，应重塑竞争与合作的农村金融组织体系，建立明晰且多元化的金融产权制度，完善农村金融市场竞争机制，构建农村资金导入回流机制，完善金融风险分散、分担与补偿机制，培育和发展农村资本市场，创新农村金融服务模式和手段，全面优化农村金融生态环境。农村金融生态失衡已严重阻滞了新疆农村经济的快速发展，而农村金融生态的优化就是要在质量与数量上对农村金融生态主体、农村金融生态调节与农村金融生态环境进行动态调整与渐次平衡，最终实现主体活力化、调节高效化、环境和谐化，促进新疆农村金融与经济的可持续发展以及社会和谐进步。更多还原

【Abstract】 The research on rural financial ecology has important theoretical and practical significance for implementing the scientific development view and for constructing socialism’s harmonious society and countryside renewal. For Xinjiang, an under developed province in the National Minority Region of the remote west and a large agricultural province, the rural financial growth is crucial for the development of both the agriculture and the rural economy. Rural finance sector has experienced tremendous growth since the 1978 economic reforms in Xinjiang. However, the financial ecological imbalance of rural finance hinders the sustainable development of rural economy in Xinjiang. Based on the current rural economic development trends in Xinjiang, this study describes the state of the province’s rural financial ecology and the representation the reality through its evaluation. This research further reveals the interactions among individual factors and future effects to the efficiency and stability of the entire financial ecology system. The aim of this paper is to advance the understanding and accurate grasping of the laws of operation of the financial ecology system. This study discusses the optimization methodologies of the province’s rural financial ecology from the view of basic laws of market economy. The motivation is to provide the premise and foundation to the local government and decision makers for designing policy objectively and effectively intervening in the macroeconomy. This study contributes to the extant literature by addressing issues related to the area of rural financial ecology, which is an under researched field. This research also provides a theoretical references and technical framework for policy makers for rural financial regime reform and scholars studying this field.This study is guided by the fields of Finance, Agricultural Economics, Developmental Economics, and Econometrics. The applied methodology uses examples and standardization, both quantitatively and qualitatively. The paper constructs the rural finance ecological evaluation system and describes the rural financial ecology development in Xinjiang. Based on this construct, this paper also analyzes the factors which serve as barriers to the development of the rural financial ecology and provides ideas and countermeasures for optimizing rural financial ecology in Xinjiang.This research consists of four sections totaling nine chapters. In the first section, the author provides background and motivates the significance of this research. It further reviews the evolution of the financial ecology theory and the state of both foreign and domestic research. It also outlines the research structure and methodology. The paper interprets and defines the connotation of the rural financial ecology theory, and describes the evaluation of the system characteristics, construction and functions. This section further analyzes the interactive-relationship mechanism between rural financial ecology and the development of the rural economy.The second part firstly described the evolution and status of Xinjiang rural financial ecology subject from the angle of the system development of rural financial institution, development level analysis of rural finance, empirical analysis between the rural financial development and rural economic growth relationship, new features and tendency of financial service requirements change and introduced briefly the ecology regulation mechanism improvement, ecology environment of rural finance. Secondly, rural financial ecology evaluation system including the quantitative and qualitative assessment system was established, Analytic Hierarchy Process and Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation method was used for quantitative evaluation, questionnaire was used for qualitative evaluation, comprehensive evaluation model of rural financial ecology was designed for comprehensive evaluation of Xinjiang rural financial ecology. In addition, advancement index was used to reveal the developmental tendency of Xinjiang rural financial ecology, the comparison index was used to analyze the deference between Xinjiang rural financial ecology and the whole country. Rural financial development level , rural law and credit environment had a great influence on rural financial ecology, Xinjiang rural financial ecology was at the general grade, however, the whole advancement index was improved with the time going on and near to the average level of the whole country.The third part was based on the evaluation results of Xinjiang rural financial ecology and analyzed the five restriction factor of Xinjiang rural financial ecological construction, rural financial ecology is not good, supply and demand of rural financial resource was not in balance, risk transfer and compensation mechanism was lost, self-regulation was lack of at rural financial market and rural financial environment was worse. Therefore, a general scheme was presented to improve the Xinjiang rural financial ecology, including the objective, contents, practical significance, guiding ideology, principle and thought, meanwhile, optimizing countermeasures of Xinjiang rural financial ecology was emphasized, competition and cooperation of rural financial system, clear and multiple property right system will be established, competition mechanism of rural financial market will be improved, introduction and reflux mechanism of rural fund will be established, and financial risk separation, share and compensation mechanism will be improved , the rural capital market will be cultured and developed, rural financial service mode and means will be innovated and the rural financial ecological environment will be optimized absolutely.The imbalance of rural financial ecology has embarrassed the rapid development of Xinjiang rural economic, however, the optimization of rural financial ecology will focus on the dynamic adjustment and gradual balance for the subject, ecology regulation and ecology environment of rural financial ecology. Finally, achieve a vigor subject, high efficient regulation, harmonious environment, accelerate the sustainable development and harmonious progress of Xinjiang rural financial and economic.更多还原