【作者】 赵玉敏；

【导师】 才学鹏； 吴润；

【作者基本信息】 甘肃农业大学 ， 预防兽医学， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 掌握青藏高原东段(甘南藏族自治州)玛曲县和碌曲县包虫病(Hydatidosis,HD)的感染状况,为本地区包虫病的传播动力学的研究及开展大规模包虫病防治做好前期工作。对动物采取捕杀、剖检、固定和病理学检查等。人群采用以B超为主,辅以ELISA血清学试验的方法。结果显示啮齿类动物达乌尔鼠兔(Ochatona dauricaPallas,1776)的多房棘球蚴(Alveolar echinococcus,AE)感染率为1.15%(1/87),中华鼢鼠(Myospalax fontanierii Milne-Edwards 1866)AE的感染率为3.03%(4/132),喜玛拉雅旱獭(Marmota himalayana,Hodgson,1841)、西藏鼠兔(Ochatona tibetanaMilne-Eawards,1871)和小家鼠(Mus Muscalus Linnaeus,1758)未发现AE感染,未发现啮齿类动物感染细粒棘球蚴(Cystic echinococcus,CE)。检查绵羊4309头,其中451头感染细粒棘球蚴(CE),感染率为10.47%,6头感染(AE),感染率为0.14%,未发现两型包虫病的混合感染。检查牦牛3645头,其中329头感染细粒棘球蚴(CE),感染率为9.03%,5头感染多房棘球蚴(AE),感染率为0.14%。未发现两型包虫病的混合感染。调查组采用以B超为主,辅以ELISA血清学试验的方法对1040人进行了检查。人群患病率为1.92%%(20/1040),其中细粒棘蚴病(CE)患病率为1.63%(20/1040),泡(AE)患病率为0.29%(3/1040),未发现混合型感染。终末宿主调查中,犬体内细粒棘球绦虫(Echinococcus granulosus,Eg)感染率为22.97%(17/74),多房棘球绦虫(Echinococcusmultilocularis,Em)感染率5.41%(4/74),未发现两种绦虫的混合感染。结论显示在甘南藏族自治州地区存在着较广泛的动物和人群囊型包虫病流行,有少量动物和人群泡型包虫病流行;首次发现本地区家畜体内除囊型包虫病之外有泡状棘球蚴的感染,首次发现本地区犬体内除细粒棘球绦虫之外有多房棘球绦虫寄生,首次通过免疫学和B型超声检查的方法确定该地区有泡型包虫病的流行,同时发现在甘肃该地区是人群泡型包虫病囊型包虫病和泡型包虫病的混合感染区;首次发现该地区啮齿类动物达乌尔鼠兔(Ochatona daurica Pallas,1776)和中华鼢鼠(Moyospalax fontanierii Milne-Edwards 1866)有多房棘球蚴的感染,达乌尔鼠兔是国内外首次发现可以感染泡型棘球蚴的中间宿主;首次成功地进行了家畜查获多房棘球蚴的人工感染KM小鼠试验。更多还原

【Abstract】 To report the infection situation of hydatidosis in Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Gansu Province. To kill, anatomical examination, fixed and pathological examination. Human were examined with B ultrasound and serological ELISA. Among the rodents , the Alveolar echinococcus(AE) infection rate of Ochotona daurica was 1.15% (1/87) , and of Mammalia Fontanieri was 3.03% (4/132) , but no infection was found in Marmota himalayana, Ochotona thibetana and Mus Musculus. There was no CE infection in rodents.451 (10.47%) out of 4309 investigated sheeps were infected with Cystic echinococcus (CE), and 6 (0.14 %) were infected with AE. There was no mixed infection in sheeps.329(9.03%) out of 3645 investigated yaks were infected with CE , and 5 (0.14%) were infected with AE. There were no mixed infection in yaks.20(1.92%) out of 1040 investigated human were infected with Cystic echinococcus (CE), and 3 (0.29 %) were infected with AE. There was no mixed infection in human. 17(22.97 %) out of 74 investigated dogs were infected with Echinococcus granulosus(Eg), and 4(5.41%) dogs were infected with Echinococcus. Multilocularis ( Em) . There was no mixed infection in dogs. Conclusion The results showed that the epidemic of CE was widespread but AE was a small prevail in Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. It was first found that Alveolar echinococcus can live in livestock and Echinococcus. Multilocularis can live in dogs in the Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. It was first report that Ochotona daurica was the intermediate host of Echinococcus.Multilocularis更多还原