【作者】 温全平；

【导师】 刘滨谊；

【作者基本信息】 同济大学 ， 城市规划与设计， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 随着中国经济社会结构的转型,以城乡一体化为目标的绿化建设正在成为许多城市绿化工作的重心。城市森林建设作为城市绿化的组成部分,当前在中国蓬勃发展,迫切需要专门的规划进行指导,在相关规划难以胜任的背景下,城市森林规划应用而生。论文基于城市森林规划设计实践,对城市森林规划的理论与方法问题进行探讨。首先通过对城市绿色开敞空间规划范式演变的概括,对城市森林发展时代特征的分析,对城市森林规划建设现状和相关规划实践发展现状的认识,对相关学科及理论研究进展的回顾总结,从学科背景、社会背景、实践背景与理论背景的角度论述了城市森林规划产生与发展的合理性与必要性,确定了论文的研究方向、研究内容和需要解决的问题。其次,从实质性规划理论、程序性规划理论、规划方法三个方面系统地进行城市森林规划理论与方法研究。实质性规划理论包括本体论、城市森林生态位势论和城市森林规划的维度三部分内容。本体论研究城市森林和城市森林规划的概念,提出了城市森林“二分法”分类方法,对城市森林规划的对象、范围、类型和内容等进行了详细论述,从内涵和外延两个方面为城市森林规划的认识和实践活动规定对象。城市森林生态位势论研究城市森林发展的内在的动力机制问题,使规划符合城市森林发展的客观规律。城市森林规划的维度研究贯穿于城市森林规划全部内容的四个因素:环境生态维度、视觉景观维度、游憩活动维度和经济维度,深化对城市森林规划本体的认识,发掘现象与原型之间,各类要素之间的相互作用关系,探索各维度作用下,城市森林用地与空间利用的不同表现形式,强调各维度在规划过程中的综合平衡,为城市森林规划的认识和实践活动建立统一的规则和逻辑准则。程序性规划理论从规划的实证性特征和规范性特征的角度研究城市森林规划的组织过程,通过对规划决定力量和规划阶段的分析,提出了城市森林规划双循环结构过程。规划方法研究规划理论运用于规划实践的途径,包括七个方面的问题:遥感和GIS技术在城市森林规划中的应用、城市森林规划多种适宜性评价方法、城市森林空间布局方法、城市森林规划中的植被规划方法、城市森林规划中的公众参与、城市森林规划的指标体系和城市森林规划的评价。再次,选取了四个带有研究性的规划设计实例,对论文部分研究成果进行实证检验。上海绿化系统规划分析及优化策略研究,通过对绿化相关规划的比较分析,在人居环境规划体系中检验城市森林规划理论与方法研究成果的效用;无锡城市森林规划多种适宜性评价是对现代规划技术在城市森林规划中运用方法的探讨;新疆阿克苏城市森林建设总体规划揭示了一个完整的城市森林总体规划编制的过程和内容;滹沱河石家庄市区段植被规划是依托相关规划发展城市森林的典型实例。实质性规划理论与规划方法通过规划过程最终运用于城市森林规划设计实践,构成了一个从理论方法到实践的比较完整的城市森林规划研究框架。论文最后对核心研究内容、研究结论、创新点进行了回顾总结,并提出了需要进一步探讨的问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the transformation of economic and social structure, rural-urban continuum greening is turning into the focus in many Chinese cities. As an important component of urban greening, urban forest development is flourishing in China, and urgently need the guidance of corresponding planning. When other relating planning is incompetent, urban forest planning comes forth.Based on urban forest planning practice, this dissertation studies the theories and methods of urban forest planning.Firstly, planning paradigms of urban green open space are generalized, era characters of urban forest development are analyzed, current status of planning and construction of urban forest and relating planning practice are identified, and research progress of relating disciplines and theories is reviewed. From the points of discipline, social development, practice and research, the rationality and necessity of urban forest planning are explained, research direction, contents and problems to be resolved are defined.Secondly, the dissertation confines core research contents to three parts: theories in urban forest planning, theories of urban forest planning, planning methods. Theories in urban forest planning include urban forest planning ontology, urban forest niche and ecological circumstances theory, and urban forest planning dimensions. Urban forest planning ontology studies the concepts of urban forest and urban forest planning, proposes the dichotomy for urban forest classification, identifies objects, range, types and contents of urban forest planning, and designates cognition and practice objects for urban forest planning from two aspects of connotation and extension. Urban forest niche and ecological circumstances theory studies inherent dynamical mechanism of urban forest development, and makes sure that planning conforms to objective rules of urban forest development. Urban forest planning dimensions studies four factors which impenetrate all contents of urban forest planning, including environmental and ecological dimension, visual landscape dimension, recreation dimension and economic dimension. With these researches, urban forest planning ontology will be further cognized, the relationships between phenomena and prototype, among different elements will be discovered. Under the function of four dimensions, different expression of urban forest lands and space use will be explored. The dissertation emphasizes the integrated balance of four dimensions in the planning process, and it will promote the establishment of unified rules and logical criterions for urban forest planning cognition and practice.From the points of positive character and normative character, theories of urban forest planning study the organizing process of urban forest planning. Through analysis of planning-determined forces and planning stages, the dissertation proposes double-cycle process of urban forest planning. Planning methods studies approaches of planning theories application to practice, including seven aspects: application of remote sensing and GIS technologies to urban forest planning, multiple suitability evaluation of urban forest planning, layout methods of urban forest, vegetation planning methods in urban forest planning, public involvement in urban forest planning, index system of urban forest planning, and evaluation of urban forest planning.Thirdly, four planning cases with research characters are selected to verify part of research results of the dissertation. Through comparison of greening-related plans, the study of planning analysis and optimization strategies of Shanghai green space system verifies the effectiveness of urban forest planning theories and methods in the planning system of human inhabitation and settlement environment. Multiple suitability evaluation of Wuxi urban forest planning illustrates the application of modern planning technologies to urban forest planning. Akesu urban forest master planning in Sinkiang province reveals whole process and contents of urban forest master planning. Vegetation planning of Hutuo river in Shijiazhuang urban district provides a good example for developing urban forest through other related planning.Through theories of urban forest planning, theories in urban forest planning and planning methods are ultimately applied to urban forest planning and design practice, which constitutes an integrated research framework of theories, methods and practice of urban forest planning. Finally, core research contents, conclusions and innovation points are concluded, and issues to be further studied are proposed.更多还原