当代经济民族主义视角的中日地缘经济关系研究

【作者】 何祥武；

【导师】 王家瑞；

【作者基本信息】 复旦大学 ， 国际关系， 2008， 博士

【摘要】 本文中心思想:21世纪中日相互依赖的结构发生了深刻变化,而日本依然坚持以“强权优势”为主的东亚地缘经济战略,这必然与崛起中的中国发生冲突,并且限制了中日两国在地缘经济上的互惠协作;而作为东亚合作机制的东亚新地区主义将促成中日两国经济民族主义的融合,化解大国间的竞争与危机,由此中日地缘经济关系也将从战略竞争转变为战略协作。冷战终结后,国际关系中地缘政治的角逐逐渐让位于地缘经济的博弈。21世纪以市场全球化与经济区域化为主要内容的经济全球化加速发展。当代经济民族主义成为民族主义的主流和常态。当代经济民族主义具有双重性,既有保守、竞争的特性,又谋求开放与合作。左右经济民族主义保守或开放的标尺是政府对国家利益和地区形势的战略判断。当代经济民族主义制约下的地缘经济关系成为大国关系的主要内容。而经济民族主义的互动决定了地缘经济关系的主要结构。同属于东亚经济民族主义,中国的经济民族主义建立在改革开放、自力更生和建立国际经济新秩序的理念基础上,具有中国社会主义特色;而日本经济民族主义建立在强国优势战略,地区制衡战略的基础上,继续寻求维护“中心”主导“边缘”的旧秩序的延伸,并因而制约、疏远中国。随着中国的全面崛起,中日经济民族主义必然发生碰撞。而竞争与合作势必成为中日地缘经济关系的本质内容。中日之间的地缘经济关系既是经济全球化自然发展的结果,也是中日两国经济民族主义互动的产物。中日地缘经济关系的构成包含了客观和主观上的双重因素。1.按照自然资源禀赋比较优势而构成的经济互补关系.2.地缘战略上中心与边缘的动态互动关系。主要表现为先发国与后发国之间的矛盾、竞争与冲突,这是南北矛盾在东亚两大国之间的具体体现。3.当代经济民族主义制约下的中日经济伙伴关系。这是东亚地区一体化进程中的两国之间相互依赖加强的结果。制度化的相互依赖依然会导致相互竞争和彼此合作。但其中竞争是制度化、规范化的良性有序竞争,这种竞争属于战略协作的形式之一。而这种伙伴关系包含了有序竞争关系的战略互惠合作。三者辩证统一,构成了中日地缘经济关系的发展轨迹和主要内容。1997年亚洲金融危机后雁行秩序下的中日垂直分工逐步瓦解,日本从意识到地区分工上丧失了在东亚的主导地位。中国的崛起改变了以垂直分工为主的中日地缘经济关系。也为中日关系的进一步发展提供了动力。21世纪中国试图发展为“世界的工厂”和“世界的市场”,力图通过融入世界市场尽快实现以工业化为主的民族经济的现代化。加入WTO之后,中国在对外全面开放的同时,寻求自力更生,争取技术本土化,从而成为制造业大国。在地区战略上,中国积极打造“大中华经济圈、中国-东盟圈、中日韩东北亚经济圈”为三环的,以中国为核心的立体式东亚经济安全与合作体系。依据长期追随美国遏制中国的地缘政治战略,日本坚持日本主导,制约中国的东亚地缘战略,联合西方发达国家制衡中国在亚洲日益扩大的影响力;在与中国合作的同时,试图维持中国-东盟的均势。日本的强权战略,无疑是中日战略冲突的根源。尤其是制度性的矛盾妨碍了中日之间的战略合作,也阻碍了东亚经济一体化的发展。中日两国只有在亚洲意识的指导下,从共同的东亚地缘利益出发,建立有效的磋商机制,并在新的战略高度上实现中日两国的产业衔接。进而以东亚地区经济一体化的发展为契机实现全面,深入开展战略互惠合作,才能预防地区危机,转化中日战略竞争态势,最终实现双赢、多赢的局面。而东亚经济一体化为代表的新东亚区域主义的整合也将是中日经济民族主义的融合。中日关系也将因此演变为战略伙伴关系。更多还原

【Abstract】 The main idea of the paper is that Japan’s Geo-economic strategy of power’s predominance means alienating China, therefore it holds back the strategic reciprocal cooperation between China and Japan. Only by New East-Asia-Regionalism can China and Japan unite Chinese economic nationalism with Japanese economic nationalism. As a result, the Geo-economic relations of Sino-Japan would translate strategic competition into strategic cooperation.After cold war, economic factors become more and more important in international politics, and there exists the trend for Geo-political game change to Geo-economic game. Contemporary economic nationalism is due to decide big power’s Geo-economic relations. And the mutual actions between economic nationalism would figure out the structure of Geo-economic relations.As to Contemporary Economic Nationalism on 21 century, it has double characters, protective and cooperative, just likes two sides of one coin. Correspondingly, protectionism leads to competition, door-open policy leads to cooperation. It depends on national strategy defined by national interest. And Government Intervention and markets rule works together.Both belong to east Asian economic nationalism, Chinese economic nationalism emphasizes on reformation, self-dependence and building-up new proper international economic order, however, Japanese economic nationalism insists the power’s predominance and regional balance-quo in order to maintain traditional Coreness -Peripherality - order. Since China has been arising while Japan declined, China’s geopolitical status has promoted. At the same time, East Asian work-division has transformed from vertical integration to horizontal integration. Regardless the changing of interdependence situation, Japan still sticks to alienate China by its regional strategy, according to which Japan should act as the center of East Asia, but China (even Large-Chinese-Circle) act as the periphery. That breaks out strategic conflicts between the two big powers in East Asia. My paper intends to witness the sequential evolvement of Sino-Japanese Geo-economic relation, and pays much more importance in analyzing Sino-Japan strategic relations as well as East Asia’s regional integration. As a logic result, the thesis made subsequent propositions about devotion to creative new East Asia’s regionalism in which common Asian regional interest is taken as superiority. According to the principle of interdependence, New East Asia’s regionalism is sure to be the joint point of common interests and proper settlement of divergence.更多还原