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城乡劳动力市场融合的动力机制研究

A Study on the Impetus Mechanism for the Integration between Rural and Urban Labor Markets

【作者】 甘春华

【导师】 张炳申;

【作者基本信息】 暨南大学 , 劳动经济学, 2008, 博士

【摘要】 我国经济体制改革的过程同时也是城乡劳动力市场由分割走向融合的过程。然而,至今我国城乡劳动力市场仍然存在相当程度的分割,这种分割状况使城乡劳动力市场积累了巨大的势能却不能得到有效释放,影响了劳动力资源的配置效率和城乡的和谐发展。我国对这一问题的研究主要集中于现象的描述,对城乡劳动力市场融合的根源——动力机制很少涉及,这是本文写作的出发点。本文首先对我国城乡劳动力市场分割与融合的动态演变状况进行了定量的测度。揭示当前城乡劳动力市场之间仍存在严重的分割,一方面表现为城乡劳动收入差距悬殊,尤其是城镇单位劳动报酬与农业经营收入差别明显;另一方面表现为农民工与城市职工存在明显的就业隔离和薪酬差距。接着,文章由表及里,开始集中探讨城乡劳动力市场融合的动力机制,分别从理论分析、实证分析和制度分析三个方面层层深入。通过理论分析,说明城乡劳动力市场融合的实质是势能与动能的转换过程;城乡劳动力市场由分割走向融合是各种动力与阻力共同作用的结果,这些作用力具有不同的性质并且存在相互作用,这种具有内在联系的作用力总和构成了城乡劳动力市场融合的动力机制。通过实证分析,测度了各动力的不同作用性质和作用范围。通过制度分析,揭示了城乡劳动力市场完全融合的条件以及制度变迁的动力和阻力。作为参考,文中对其他国家城乡劳动力市场融合的实践进行了回顾,由此总结出城乡劳动力市场发展的一般与特殊规律,揭示城乡劳动力市场的演变趋势是;由分割走向融合,最终走向一体化。在此基础上,对国外经验的可借鉴性进行了探讨,并提出相应的政策建议。

【Abstract】 Chinese economic reform is accompanied by the transition from segmentation to integration between rural and urban labor markets. However, there is still great segmentation between these two labor markets, which causes huge static energy and affects the allocation efficiency of human resource. At present, the study on this topic is focused on phenomenon description. But the impetus mechanism for the integration between rural and urban labor markets is rarely mentioned. This is why I select the subject.At the beginning, the thesis measures the extent of segmentation and integration between the two markets which discloses that great segmentation still exists. There are two main indications of segmentation, one is great income difference between rural and urban labors, the other is employment segregation and wage gap between peasant workers and urban workers.The thesis is focused on the impetus mechanism, in view of theoretical analysis, numeric analysis and institutional analysis. By the theoretical analysis, it demonstrates that the essence of integration is to transform static energy into kinesthetic energy. The integration is resulted from all kinds of driving forces which have different acting nature and range. Based on numeric analysis, the effect of all driving forces on the integration is tested. By institutional analysis, the condition of integration and the driving and resisting forces for institutional reform are disclosed.With reference to the practice about the integration in other countries, the thesis summarizes general and special laws of the integration. It shows the evolution tendency about the relationship between rural and urban labor markets, which runs from segmentation to integration and unification at last. Furthermore, it discusses the applicability of foreign experience to China. In the end, suggestions for improving integration are also proposed.

  • 【网络出版投稿人】 暨南大学
  • 【网络出版年期】2009年 03期
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